乙酸涡螺线虫群体的同步振荡
Synchronized oscillations in swarms of nematode Turbatrix aceti
摘要：
最近，人们对活性粒子的行为产生了浓厚的兴趣，这种粒子可以同时调整它们的运动方向并同步它们的振荡，称为swarmalator。虽然这种系统的理论和数值模型现在很丰富，但迄今为止还没有实际的例子。本文对醋曲线虫利用身体波动进行自推进的集体运动进行了实验研究。我们发现，这些线虫可以同步他们的身体振荡，形成惊人的旅行异时波，产生强大的流体流动。我们发现，这种集体状态的位置和强度可以通过限制结构的形状来控制，在我们的情况下，液滴的接触角。这为生产受控工作开辟了一条道路，如按需流动或物体位移。我们通过证明这种状态产生的力足以通过抵消表面张力来改变流体液滴蒸发的物理特性来说明这一点，这使我们能够估计其强度。相对较大的尺寸和易于培养使Turbatrix aceti成为一种有前途的模式生物，用于能够产生可控功的群集和振荡活性物质的实验研究。
英文摘要：
There is a recent surge of interest in the behavior of active particles that can at the same time align their direction of movement and synchronize their oscillations, known as swarmalators. While theoretical and numerical models of such systems are now abundant, no real-life examples have been shown to date. We present an experimental investigation of the collective motion of the nematode Turbatrix aceti that self-propel by body undulation. We discover that these nematodes can synchronize their body oscillations, forming striking traveling metachronal waves, which produces strong fluid flows. We uncover that the location and strength of this collective state can be controlled through the shape of the confining structure; in our case the contact angle of a droplet. This opens a way for producing controlled work such as on-demand flows or displacement of objects. We illustrate this by showing that the force generated by this state is sufficient to change the physics of evaporation of fluid droplets, by counteracting the surface-tension force, which allow us to estimate its strength. The relatively large size and ease of culture make Turbatrix aceti a promising model organism for experimental investigation of swarming and oscillating active matter capable of producing controllable work.
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