CUDA 编程模型中的百亿亿次级 Landau 碰撞算子及其在热猝灭等离子体中的应用
Exascale Landau collision operator in the Cuda programming model applied to thermal quench plasmas
AI总结：
本文将带自适应网格加密的高阶保守有限元 Landau 碰撞算子扩展至 GPU，基于 CUDA/Kokkos 实现并验证其在热猝灭等离子体模拟中的百亿亿次级性能。
摘要：
碰撞过程对于理解非 Maxwell 等离子体至关重要。Fokker–Planck 方程的 Landau 形式是大多数等离子体中碰撞建模的黄金标准，但其 O(N^2) 的计算复杂度阻碍了其广泛应用。我们表明，借助先进数值方法和 GPU 硬件，可以有效缓解这一代价。本文扩展了此前关于 Landau 算子的保守、高阶精度、有限元离散及自适应网格加密工作，将其扩展到 GPU 硬件，并分别使用 CUDA 和 Kokkos 编程语言实现。本工作重点关注 Landau 内核和 NVIDIA 硬件，同时也给出了在 AMD 与 Fujitsu/ARM 硬件上的初步结果，以及等离子体热猝灭速度空间模型的端到端性能。全隐式 Landau 时间积分器和等离子体热猝灭模型均已在 PETSc（Portable, Extensible, Toolkit for Scientific computing）中公开提供。
英文摘要：
Collisional processes are critical in the understanding of non-Maxwellian plasmas. The Landau form of the Fokker-Planck equation is the gold standard for modeling collisions in most plasmas, however O(N^2) work complexity inhibits its widespread use. We show that with advanced numerical methods and GPU hardware this cost can be effectively mitigated. This paper extends previous work on a conservative, high order accurate, finite element discretization with adaptive mesh refinement of the Landau operator, with extensions to GPU hardware and implementations in both the CUDA and Kokkos programming languages. This work focuses on the Landau kernels and on NVIDIA hardware, however preliminary results on AMD and Fujitsu/ARM hardware, as well as end-to-end performance of a velocity space model of a plasma thermal quench, are also presented. Both the fully implicit Landau time integrator and the plasma thermal quench model are publicly available in PETSc (Portable, Extensible, Toolkit for Scientific computing).
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