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arXiv 2104.09536astro-ph.GA
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来自PHANGS的~100 pc的恒星形成标度关系:完整性和空间尺度的影响

Star formation scaling relations at ~100 pc from PHANGS: Impact of completeness and spatial scale

I. Pessa, E. Schinnerer, F. Belfiore, E. Emsellem, A. K. Leroy, A. Schruba, J. M. D. Kruijssen, H. -A. Pan, G. A. Blanc, P. Sanchez-Blazquez, F. Bigiel, M. Chev… 展开作者

I. Pessa, E. Schinnerer, F. Belfiore, E. Emsellem, A. K. Leroy, A. Schruba, J. M. D. Kruijssen, H. -A. Pan, G. A. Blanc, P. Sanchez-Blazquez, F. Bigiel, M. Chevance, E. Congiu, D. Dale, C. M. Faesi, S. C. O. Glover, K. Grasha, B. Groves, I. Ho, M. Jiménez-Donaire, R. Klessen, K. Kreckel, E. W. Koch, D. Liu, S. Meidt, J. Pety, M. Querejeta, E. Rosolowsky, T. Saito, F. Santoro, J. Sun, A. Usero, E. J. Watkins, T. G. Williams

摘要:

目标:在分子云的物理尺度上,恒星形成的复杂性尚未完全了解。我们调查的机制,调节恒星的形成在不同的环境中附近的恒星形成星系的PHANGS样本。研究方法:结合18个星系的积分场光谱数据和射电干涉观测,探讨了分辨恒星形成主序列(rSFMS)、分辨Kennicutt-Schmidt关系(rKS)和分辨分子气体主序列(rMGMS)的存在,并推导了它们在100 pc ~ 1 kpc空间分辨率下的斜率和散射(在各种假设下)。结果:所有三个关系恢复在最高的空间分辨率(100 pc)。此外,在不同的银河系环境中观察到这些标度关系的显着变化。排除未检测到作为空间尺度的函数的推断斜率具有系统性影响。最后,$Σ_\mathrm{mol. gas + stellar}$与$Σ_\mathrm{SFR}$相关性的离散度小于rSFMS的离散度,但高于rKS的离散度。结论:rMGMS在100 pc的空间尺度上具有最紧密的关系(分散度为0.34 dex),其次是rKS(0.41 dex),然后是rSFMS(0.51 dex)。这与分子云演化周期所涉及的时间尺度的预期一致。令人惊讶的是,rKS在星系和环境中的变化最小,这表明分子气体和随后的恒星形成之间存在紧密的联系。这三种关系的分散度在较低的空间分辨率下降低,在1千秒差距的空间尺度下,rKS是最紧密的(0.27 dex)。星系间rSFMS斜率的变化部分是由于$Σ_\mathrm{SFR}$相对于$Σ_\mathrm{stellar}$的不同检测分数。

英文摘要:

Aims: The complexity of star formation at the physical scale of molecular clouds is not yet fully understood. We investigate the mechanisms regulating the formation of stars in different environments within nearby star-forming galaxies from the PHANGS sample. Methods: Integral field spectroscopic data and radio-interferometric observations of 18 galaxies were combined to explore the existence of the resolved star formation main sequence (rSFMS), resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation (rKS), and resolved molecular gas main sequence (rMGMS), and we derived their slope and scatter at spatial resolutions from 100 pc to 1 kpc (under various assumptions). Results: All three relations were recovered at the highest spatial resolution (100 pc). Furthermore, significant variations in these scaling relations were observed across different galactic environments. The exclusion of non-detections has a systematic impact on the inferred slope as a function of the spatial scale. Finally, the scatter of the $Σ_\mathrm{mol. gas + stellar}$ versus $Σ_\mathrm{SFR}$ correlation is smaller than that of the rSFMS, but higher than that found for the rKS. Conclusions: The rMGMS has the tightest relation at a spatial scale of 100 pc (scatter of 0.34 dex), followed by the rKS (0.41 dex) and then the rSFMS (0.51 dex). This is consistent with expectations from the timescales involved in the evolutionary cycle of molecular clouds. Surprisingly, the rKS shows the least variation across galaxies and environments, suggesting a tight link between molecular gas and subsequent star formation. The scatter of the three relations decreases at lower spatial resolutions, with the rKS being the tightest (0.27 dex) at a spatial scale of 1 kpc. Variation in the slope of the rSFMS among galaxies is partially due to different detection fractions of $Σ_\mathrm{SFR}$ with respect to $Σ_\mathrm{stellar}$.

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