泡沫夹芯复合材料低温冲击损伤机理研究
Elucidating the Mechanisms of Damage in Foam Core Sandwich Composites under Impact Loading and Low Temperatures
摘要：
最近对北极勘探的兴趣带来了关于海洋结构物轻质材料力学性能的新挑战。已知暴露于海水和低温会降低几种材料的机械性能，从而危及人员和结构的安全。研究了船用PVC泡沫芯材编织碳/乙烯基酯夹层复合材料的低温低速冲击性能。测试是在一个内置环境舱的落塔冲击系统中进行的。在25 ℃、0 ℃、-25 ℃和-50 ℃四种温度下，测定了7.5 J、15 J、30 J和60 J四种冲击能量下的接触力、位移和吸收能量等冲击响应。结果表明，温度对夹层复合材料的动态冲击性能有显著影响。随着温度的降低，夹层复合材料呈现刚性和脆性，这对它们的剩余强度和耐久性具有不利影响。例如，在60 J的所有温度下，样品经历了顶面和芯的穿孔，并且背面表现出不同程度的损坏。在-25 ℃和-50 ℃下，夹层复合材料样品几乎完全穿孔。在所有的冲击能量下，随着温度的降低，夹层复合材料呈现出刚性和脆性，这对它们的剩余强度和耐久性具有不利影响。
英文摘要：
Recent interest in Arctic exploration has brought new challenges concerning the mechanical behavior of lightweight materials for offshore structures. Exposure to seawater and cold temperatures are known to degrade the mechanical properties of several materials, thus, compromising the safety of personnel and structures. This study aims to investigate the low-velocity impact behavior of woven carbon/vinyl ester sandwich composites with PVC foam core at low temperatures for marine applications. The tests were performed in a drop tower impact system with an in-built environmental chamber. Impact responses, such as the contact force, displacement and absorbed energy, at four impact energies of 7.5 J, 15 J, 30 J, and 60 J were determined at four in-situ temperatures of 25 C, 0 C, -25 C and -50 C. Results showed that temperature has a significant influence on the dynamic impact behavior of sandwich composites. The sandwich composites were rendered stiff and brittle as the temperature decreased, which has a detrimental effect on their residual strength and durability. For example, at 60 J for all temperatures, the samples experienced perforation of the top facing and core, and the back facing exhibited varying extent of damage. At -25 C and -50 C, the sandwich composite samples were almost completely perforated. At all impact energies, the sandwich composites were rendered stiff and brittle as the temperature decreased, which has a detrimental effect on their residual strength and durability.
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