Learning Fuzzy Clustering for SPECT/CT Segmentation via Convolutional Neural Networks
Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes（约翰斯·霍普金斯医学院）；Konkuk University Medical Center（建国大学医疗中心）；Konkuk University School of Medicine（建国大学医学院）
Junyu Chen, Ye Li, Licia P. Luna, Hyun Woo Chung, Steven P. Rowe, Yong Du, Lilja B. Solnes, Eric C. Frey
备注：
This manuscript has been published by Medical Physics (2021)
Quantitative bone single-photon emission computed tomography (QBSPECT) has the potential to provide a better quantitative assessment of bone metastasis than planar bone scintigraphy due to its ability to better quantify activity in overlapping structures. An important element of assessing response of bone metastasis is accurate image segmentation. However, limited by the properties of QBSPECT images, the segmentation of anatomical regions-of-interests (ROIs) still relies heavily on the manual delineation by experts. This work proposes a fast and robust automated segmentation method for partitioning a QBSPECT image into lesion, bone, and background. We present a new unsupervised segmentation loss function and its semi- and supervised variants for training a convolutional neural network (ConvNet). The loss functions were developed based on the objective function of the classical Fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm. We conducted a comprehensive study to compare our proposed methods with ConvNets trained using supervised loss functions and conventional clustering methods. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and several other metrics were used as figures of merit as applied to the task of delineating lesion and bone in both simulated and clinical SPECT/CT images. We experimentally demonstrated that the proposed methods yielded good segmentation results on a clinical dataset even though the training was done using realistic simulated images. A ConvNet-based image segmentation method that uses novel loss functions was developed and evaluated. The method can operate in unsupervised, semi-supervised, or fully-supervised modes depending on the availability of annotated training data. The results demonstrated that the proposed method provides fast and robust lesion and bone segmentation for QBSPECT/CT. The method can potentially be applied to other medical image segmentation applications.
East China University of Science and Technology（华东理工大学）；McMaster University（麦克马斯特大学）；Tongji University（同济大学）
Cluster assignment of large and complex images is a crucial but challenging task in pattern recognition and computer vision. In this study, we explore the possibility of employing fuzzy clustering in a deep neural network framework. Thus, we present a novel evolutionary unsupervised learning representation model with iterative optimization. It implements the deep adaptive fuzzy clustering (DAFC) strategy that learns a convolutional neural network classifier from given only unlabeled data samples. DAFC consists of a deep feature quality-verifying model and a fuzzy clustering model, where deep f…
Khayyam University（海亚姆大学）；Sharif University of Technology（谢里夫理工大学）
Given that lung cancer is one of the deadliest illnesses, early identification and diagnosis are critical to preserving a patient's life. However, lung illness diagnosis is time-intensive and requires the expertise of a pulmonary disease specialist, subject to a significant rate of inaccuracy. Our objective is to design a system capable of accurately detecting and classifying lung lesions and segmenting them in CT-scan images. The suggested technique extracts features automatically from the CT-scan image and then classifies them using Ensemble Gradient Boosting methods. Finally, if a lesion is…
FTCFormer: Fuzzy Token Clustering Transformer for Image Classification
School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China（西安交通大学利物浦大学先进技术学院）；Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom（利物浦大学数学科学系）；Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom（利物浦大学计算机科学系）
Boston University（波士顿大学）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）；Amirkabir University of Technology（阿米尔卡比尔理工大学）
Both FCM and PCM clustering methods have been widely applied to pattern recognition and data clustering. Nevertheless, FCM is sensitive to noise and PCM occasionally generates coincident clusters. PFCM is an extension of the PCM model by combining FCM and PCM, but this method still suffers from the weaknesses of PCM and FCM. In the current paper, the weaknesses of the PFCM algorithm are corrected and the enhanced possibilistic fuzzy c-means (EPFCM) clustering algorithm is presented. EPFCM can still be sensitive to noise. Therefore, we propose an interval type-2 enhanced possibilistic fuzzy c-m…
Although spatial information of images usually enhance the robustness of the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm, it greatly increases the computational costs for image segmentation. To achieve a sound trade-off between the segmentation performance and the speed of clustering, we come up with a Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence-based FCM algorithm by incorporating a tight wavelet frame transform and a morphological reconstruction operation. To enhance FCM's robustness, an observed image is first filtered by using the morphological reconstruction. A tight wavelet frame system is employed to decompose …
Residual-driven Fuzzy C-Means Clustering for Image Segmentation
Xidian University（西安电子科技大学）；University of Alberta（阿尔伯塔大学）；King Abdulaziz University（阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学）；Macau University of Science and Technology（澳门科技大学）；New Jersey Institute of Technology（新泽西理工学院）
University of Birjand（比尔詹德大学）；Deakin University（迪肯大学）；Iran University of Medical Sciences（伊朗医科大学）；Omid hospital（奥米德医院）；Maragheh Faculty of Medical Sciences（马拉盖医学院）；Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia（马来西亚国民大学）
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most challenging diseases in middle-aged and older people, which causes high mortality. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is known as a common cardiovascular disease. A standard clinical tool for diagnosing CAD is angiography. The main challenges are dangerous side effects and high angiography costs. Today, the development of artificial intelligence-based methods is a valuable achievement for diagnosing disease. Hence, in this paper, artificial intelligence methods such as neural network (NN), deep neural network (DNN), and Fuzzy C-Means clustering combined wit…
