透明导电氧化物纳米晶的主动磁等离子体
Active Magnetoplasmonics with Transparent Conductive Oxide Nanocrystals
摘要：
磁等离子体激元技术在设计有源光学元件方面具有很大的应用前景：利用磁场调制等离子体激元共振条件可以提高折射传感器和纳米光子光学器件的性能。然而，现实生活中的应用受到磁等离子体三元悖论的阻碍：1）良好的等离子体金属具有尖锐的光学共振，但具有低的磁光响应; 2）磁性金属具有强的磁光响应，但具有非常宽的等离子体共振; 3）混合两种组分会降低两种特征的质量。为了克服三难困境，我们使用了不同种类的材料，透明导电氧化物纳米晶体（NC）在近红外等离子体响应。虽然是非磁性的，但它们结合了大的回旋频率（由于小的电子有效质量）和尖锐的等离子体共振。我们用F和In掺杂的CdO（FICO）和Sn掺杂的In2O3（ITO）NC对该概念进行基准测试，以提高磁光法拉第旋转和椭圆率，达到非磁性等离子体材料的最高磁光响应，并超过最先进的铁磁纳米结构的性能。这些纳米颗粒的磁等离子体响应是合理的分析模型的基础上激发的圆形磁等离子体模式。最后，概念验证实验证明了FICO NC相对于磁等离子体折射传感的当前技术水平的优异性能，接近领先的局部等离子体折射方法的灵敏度，具有不需要复杂曲线拟合的优点。
英文摘要：
Magnetoplasmonics is highly promising to devise active optical elements: modulating the plasmon resonance condition with magnetic field can boost the performance of refractometric sensors and nanophotonic optical devices. Nevertheless, real life applications are hampered by the magnetoplasmonic trilemma: 1) a good plasmonic metal has sharp optical resonances but low magneto-optical response; 2) a magnetic metal has strong magneto-optical response but a very broad plasmonic resonance; 3) mixing the two components degrades the quality of both features. To overcome the trilemma, we use a different class of materials, transparent conductive oxide nanocrystals (NCs) with plasmonic response in the near infrared. Although non-magnetic, they combine a large cyclotron frequency (due to small electron effective mass) with sharp plasmonic resonances. We benchmark the concept with F- and In- doped CdO (FICO) and Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) NCs to boost the magneto-optical Faraday rotation and ellipticity, reaching the highest magneto-optical response for a non-magnetic plasmonic material, and exceeding the performance of state-of-the-art ferromagnetic nanostructures. The magnetoplasmonic response of these NCs was rationalized with analytical model based on the excitation of circular magnetoplasmonic modes. Finally, proof of concept experiments demonstrated the superior performance of FICO NCs with respect to current state of the art in magnetoplasmonic refractometric sensing, approaching the sensitivity of leading localized plasmon refractometric methods with the advantage of not requiring complex curve fitting.
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