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arXiv 2104.06644cs.CLcs.LG
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掩蔽语言建模与分布假设:Little的顺序词预训练

Masked Language Modeling and the Distributional Hypothesis: Order Word Matters Pre-training for Little

Facebook AI Research(Facebook人工智能研究院);McGill University(麦吉尔大学);Mila - Quebec AI(Mila - 魁北克人工智能研究所)

Koustuv Sinha, Robin Jia, Dieuwke Hupkes, Joelle Pineau, Adina Williams, Douwe Kiela

摘要:

屏蔽语言模型(MLM)预训练令人印象深刻的性能的一个可能的解释是,这些模型已经学会表示经典NLP管道中流行的语法结构。在本文中,我们提出了一个不同的解释:MLMs成功的下游任务几乎完全是由于他们的能力,模型高阶词共现统计。为了证明这一点,我们在随机打乱词序的句子上预训练MLMs,并表明这些模型在许多下游任务上进行微调后仍然具有很高的准确性-包括专门设计用于挑战忽略词序的模型的任务。我们的模型执行令人惊讶的是,根据一些参数的语法探测,表明可能存在的缺陷,我们如何测试表示的语法信息。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明,纯粹的分布信息在很大程度上解释了预训练的成功,并强调了管理需要更深入语言知识的具有挑战性的评估数据集的重要性。

英文摘要:

A possible explanation for the impressive performance of masked language model (MLM) pre-training is that such models have learned to represent the syntactic structures prevalent in classical NLP pipelines. In this paper, we propose a different explanation: MLMs succeed on downstream tasks almost entirely due to their ability to model higher-order word co-occurrence statistics. To demonstrate this, we pre-train MLMs on sentences with randomly shuffled word order, and show that these models still achieve high accuracy after fine-tuning on many downstream tasks -- including on tasks specifically designed to be challenging for models that ignore word order. Our models perform surprisingly well according to some parametric syntactic probes, indicating possible deficiencies in how we test representations for syntactic information. Overall, our results show that purely distributional information largely explains the success of pre-training, and underscore the importance of curating challenging evaluation datasets that require deeper linguistic knowledge.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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