有没有南部单极子？
Is there any Nambu monopolium out there?
摘要：
自从A。Vaschy和P. Curie，大约1890年。1974年，Y. Nambu提出了一个磁单极子模型，探索对称性破缺希格斯和超导金斯堡-朗道理论之间的平行性，以描述π介子的夸克-反夸克禁闭态。在那里，Nambu描述了一个充满活力的弦，它的端点表现得像两个具有相反磁荷的磁单极子-夸克和反夸克。因此，不仅由大质量矢量玻色子（汤川势）介导的π和π之间的相互作用，而且能量弦（线性势）也对有效相互作用势做出贡献。在这里，我们提出了一个Nambu型的非限制性吸引相互作用，然后研究束缚态的形成，单极。验证了Nambu型势、Kato弱、Setô条件和Bargmann条件满足的束缚态存在的必要条件。在下文中，针对从$10^2$ MeV到$10^2$ TeV的各种单极约化质量和从$10^{-2}$ am到$10^{-1}$ pm的康普顿相互作用长度估计基态能量，其中进行关于非相对论性和相对论性极限验证的讨论。
英文摘要：
Magnetic monopoles have been a subject of study for more than a century since the first ideas by A. Vaschy and P. Curie, circa 1890. In 1974, Y. Nambu proposed a model for magnetic monopoles exploring a parallelism between the broken symmetry Higgs and the superconductivity Ginzburg-Landau theories in order to describe the pions quark-antiquark confinement states. There, Nambu describes an energetic string where its end points behave like two magnetic monopoles with opposite magnetic charges -- quark and antiquark. Consequently, not only the interaction among monopole and antimonopole, mediated by a massive vector boson (Yukawa potential), but also the energetic string (linear potential) contributes to the effective interaction potential. We propose here a monopole-antimonopole non confining attractive interaction of the Nambu-type, and then investigate the formation of bound states, the monopolium. Some necessary conditions for the existence of bound states to be fulfilled by the proposed Nambu-type potential, Kato weakness, Setô and Bargmann conditions, are verified. In the following, ground state energies are estimated for a variety of monopolium reduced mass, from $10^2$MeV to $10^2$TeV, and Compton interaction lengths, from $10^{-2}$am to $10^{-1}$pm, where discussion about non relativistic and relativistic limits validation is carried out.
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