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arXiv 2104.02644hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-th
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RHIC和LHC能量下核碰撞中重夸克能量损失的经验测定

Empirical determination of the energy loss of heavy quarks in nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC energies

Somnath De, Sudipan De, Prashant Shukla

备注：
11 pages, 4 figures
发表信息：
Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2024) 139:524
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AI总结：

该研究通过经验拟合与理论计算结合，发现RHIC和LHC能量下重夸克的能量损失与重介子横质量呈幂律标度，验证了重夸克在夸克-胶子等离子体中的能量损失规律。

摘要：

重离子碰撞中产生的重夸克在热部分子物质中传播时会损失能量，最终碎裂为重（D或B）介子。重夸克所遭受的能量损失会体现在作为这些重介子横动量（$p_T$）函数的核修正因子中。另一种测量介质内能量损失的方法是，将核-核碰撞中记录的强子横动量谱与质子-质子碰撞中的同类谱进行比较，通过其有效偏移量来表征。我们首先对质子-质子碰撞中重介子的不变动量产额进行参数化。随后，利用质子-质子碰撞的拟合函数以及重离子碰撞中测得的核修正因子，获取RHIC和LHC实验中产生的重介子的横质量偏移$Δm_T$。研究发现，在不同碰撞能量和中心度下，由此得到的能量损失$Δm_T$与重介子的横质量（$m_T$）呈幂律标度关系。我们还通过理论形式体系计算了LHC能量下铅-铅碰撞产生的夸克-胶子等离子体中粲夸克所遭受的总能量损失。等离子体的演化由(2+1)维纵向洛伦兹不变理想流体动力学描述。结果表明，粲夸克的总能量损失与粲夸克的横质量遵循相似的幂律标度关系，这为我们的能量损失经验分析提供了支撑。

英文摘要：

Heavy quarks produced in the heavy ion collisions loose energy while propagting in the hot partonic matter which finally fragment to heavy ($D$ or $B$) mesons. The energy loss suffered by the heavy quarks is imprinted in the nuclear modification factor as a function of transverse momenta ($p_T$) of these heavy mesons. An alternate measure of in-medium energy loss comes through the effective shift in transverse momentum spectra of hadrons recorded in nucleus-nucleus collisions when it is compared to the same in proton-proton collisions. We start by parametrizing invariant momentum yields of heavy mesons in p+p collisions. The fit function from p+p collisions and measured nuclear modification factor in heavy ion collisions are then utilised to obtain the shift in the transeverse mass $Δm_T$ of heavy mesons produced at the RHIC and LHC experiments.The energy loss $Δm_T$ so obtained is found to scale with the transverse mass ($m_T$) of heavy mesons through a power law at different energies and centralities of collisions. We have also calculated using theoretical formalism, the total energy loss suffered by a charm quark in quark-gluon plasma produced in Pb~+~Pb collisions at the LHC energies. The evolution of the plasma is described by (2+1) dimensional longitudinal boost-invariant ideal hydrodynamics. It is found that the total energy loss of charm quarks scales with the transverse mass of charm quarks through a similar power law which supports our empirical analysis of energy loss.

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