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arXiv 2104.02209physics.opticscond-mat.mes-hall
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超快太赫兹激发的量子探针场显微术

Quantum-Probe Field Microscopy of Ultrafast Terahertz Excitations

Moritz B. Heindl, Nicholas Kirkwood, Tobias Lauster, Julia A. Lang, Markus Retsch, Paul Mulvaney, Georg Herink

摘要:

微观场的快速演化控制着凝聚态物质中的大多数元激发,并以越来越高的频率驱动微电子电流。然而,除了标称的“射频“之外,获得当地电波形仍然是一个挑战。几种成像方案解决了亚波长场多太赫兹(THz)频率-包括扫描探针技术,电光采样或最近的超快电子显微镜。然而,对样品几何形状、采集速度和最大场的各种约束限制了应用。在这里,我们介绍了无处不在的远场显微镜的超快局部电场的基础上滴铸量子点探针。我们的方法,被称为量子探针场显微镜(QESTA),结合了可见光光子的荧光成像与相位分辨采样的电场深深的亚波长制度。我们捕捉频闪电影的本地化和传播超快太赫兹激发亚皮秒的时间分辨率。该方案采用场驱动调制的光吸收胶体量子点通过量子限制斯塔克效应,可通过远场发光。该QNDO方法是兼容强场样品激发和亚微米分辨率-引入一个路线,在操作过程中的有源纳米结构的超快场成像。

英文摘要:

Rapid evolutions of microscopic fields govern the majority of elementary excitations in condensed matter and drive microelectronic currents at increasing frequencies. Beyond nominal "radio frequencies", however, access to local electric waveforms remains a challenge. Several imaging schemes resolve sub-wavelength fields up to multi-Terahertz (THz) frequencies - including scanning-probe techniques, electro-optic sampling or recent ultrafast electron microscopy. Yet, various constraints on sample geometries, acquisition speed and maximum fields limit applications. Here, we introduce ubiquitous far-field microscopy of ultrafast local electric fields based on drop-cast quantum-dot probes. Our approach, termed Quantum-probe Field Microscopy (QFIM), combines fluorescence imaging of visible photons with phase-resolved sampling of electric fields deeply in the sub-wavelength regime. We capture stroboscopic movies of localized and propagating ultrafast Terahertz excitations with sub-picosecond temporal resolution. The scheme employs field-driven modulations of optical absorption in colloidal quantum-dots via the quantum-confined Stark-effect, accessible via far-field luminescence. The QFIM approach is compatible with strong-field sample excitation and sub-micrometer resolution - introducing a route towards ultrafast field imaging in active nanostructures during operation.

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