利用最新观测资料分析太阳对流的伪李雅普诺夫指数
Analysis of Pseudo-Lyapunov Exponents of Solar Convection Using State-of-the-Art Observations
摘要：
太阳光球层和太阳内部的外层以对流运动为特征，表现出混沌和湍流的特征。在这项工作中，我们评估了伪李雅普诺夫指数的超冲对流运动在太阳表面上观察到的使用文献中采用的方法来估计这些指数，以及从他们的定义推导出的另一种技术。我们分析了在地面和空间望远镜上使用最先进的仪器进行的观测，我们特别受益于干涉二维光谱仪，Crisp成像光谱偏振仪以及日震和磁成像仪获得的光谱偏振数据。根据文献中以前的研究，我们计算了四个量的地图，这是代表太阳等离子体的物理性质，在每次观察，并估计伪李雅普诺夫指数之间的残差的量计算在地图中的任何一点和整个地图的平均值。与文献中报道的先前结果相反，我们发现计算的指数保持负值，这是典型的耗散制度，从我们的观察得出的所有量。估计指数的值随着数据的空间分辨率而增加，并且几乎不受小浓度的磁场的影响。最后，我们表明，也取得了类似的结果，通过估计指数的残差之间的值在每个点的地图来自于在不同的时间采取的观察。后者估计技术更好地占这些指数的定义比以前的研究中采用的方法。
英文摘要：
The solar photosphere and the outer layer of the Sun's interior are characterized by convective motions, which display a chaotic and turbulent character. In this work, we evaluated the pseudo-Lyapunov exponents of the overshooting convective motions observed on the Sun's surface by using a method employed in the literature to estimate those exponents, as well as another technique deduced from their definition. We analyzed observations taken with state-of-the-art instruments at ground- and space-based telescopes, and we particularly benefited from the spectro-polarimetric data acquired with the Interferometric Bidimensional Spectrometer, the Crisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter, and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. Following previous studies in the literature, we computed maps of four quantities which were representative of the physical properties of solar plasma in each observation, and estimated the pseudo-Lyapunov exponents from the residuals between the values of the quantities computed at any point in the map and the mean of values over the whole map. In contrast to previous results reported in the literature, we found that the computed exponents hold negative values, which are typical of a dissipative regime, for all the quantities derived from our observations. The values of the estimated exponents increase with the spatial resolution of the data and are almost unaffected by small concentrations of magnetic field. Finally, we showed that similar results were also achieved by estimating the exponents from residuals between the values at each point in maps derived from observations taken at different times. The latter estimation technique better accounts for the definition of these exponents than the method employed in previous studies.
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