arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2103.14628cs.CR
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基于Kill Chain状态机的多阶段攻击检测

Multi-Stage Attack Detection via Kill Chain State Machines

Florian Wilkens, Felix Ortmann, Steffen Haas, Matthias Vallentin, Mathias Fischer

摘要:

今天,人类安全分析师在调查期间必须分类的大量警报下崩溃。无法应对这种负载,再加上警报的高误报率,导致警报疲劳。这导致无法检测复杂的攻击,例如高级持续性威胁(APT),因为它们在很长一段时间内出现,攻击者小心翼翼地躲避检测机制。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法来合成攻击图的状态机。我们使用网络方向来获得潜在的攻击阶段,从单一和元警报和模型产生的攻击场景中的杀伤链状态机(KCSM)。我们的算法产生的攻击,APT场景图,其中节点代表涉及主机和边缘感染活动的图形摘要。我们基于CSE-CIC-IDS 2018数据集在多个实验中评估了我们方法的可行性。我们获得了高达446 458单例警报,我们的算法凝聚成700 APT场景图,从而减少高达三个数量级。这种减少使得人类分析师能够有效地对潜在事件进行分类。在同一数据集上的评估,其中我们嵌入了一个合成的但现实的APT运动,支持我们的方法检测和上下文复杂的攻击的适用性。由我们的算法构建的APT场景图正确地链接了APT活动的大部分,并提供了一个连贯的视图,以支持人类分析师进行进一步的分析。

英文摘要:

Today, human security analysts collapse under the sheer volume of alerts they have to triage during investigations. The inability to cope with this load, coupled with a high false positive rate of alerts, creates alert fatigue. This results in failure to detect complex attacks, such as advanced persistent threats (APTs), because they manifest over long time frames and attackers tread carefully to evade detection mechanisms. In this paper, we contribute a new method to synthesize attack graphs from state machines. We use the network direction to derive potential attack stages from single and meta-alerts and model resulting attack scenarios in a kill chain state machine (KCSM). Our algorithm yields a graphical summary of the attack, APT scenario graphs, where nodes represent involved hosts and edges infection activity. We evaluate the feasibility of our approach in multiple experiments based on the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 data set. We obtain up to 446 458 singleton alerts that our algorithm condenses into 700 APT scenario graphs resulting in a reduction of up to three orders of magnitude. This reduction makes it feasible for human analysts to effectively triage potential incidents. An evaluation on the same data set, in which we embedded a synthetic yet realistic APT campaign, supports the applicability of our approach of detecting and contextualizing complex attacks. The APT scenario graphs constructed by our algorithm correctly link large parts of the APT campaign and present a coherent view to support the human analyst in further analyses.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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