基于统计物理的交通分流优化协调
Optimally coordinated traffic diversion by statistical physics
摘要：
道路事故或维修往往导致道路堵塞，造成严重的交通拥堵。道路封锁后的改道路线往往是个别决定的，没有协调。在这里，我们采用统计物理学中的空腔方法来获得分析结果和优化算法，以最佳地转移和协调道路阻塞后的个别车辆路线。根据阻塞道路的数量和位置，我们发现，可以有一个显着的变化，在个别车辆的行驶路径，并在平均行驶距离和成本大幅增加。有趣的是，对于某些改道交通的情况，旅行距离减少，但旅行成本增加。通过比较具有不同拓扑结构和连通性的网络，我们观察到替代路线的数量在抑制道路阻塞后的旅行成本增加方面起着至关重要的作用。我们测试了我们的算法，使用英格兰的高速公路网络，发现协调分流可以抑制高达66 $\%$在研究的情况下，旅行成本的增加。这些结果揭示了道路阻塞后最优协调交通分流所带来的优势。
英文摘要：
Road accidents or maintenance often lead to the blockage of roads, causing severe traffic congestion. Diverted routes after road blockage are often decided individually and have no coordination. Here, we employ the cavity approach in statistical physics to obtain both analytical results and optimization algorithms to optimally divert and coordinate individual vehicle routes after road blockage. Depending on the number and the location of the blocked roads, we found that there can be a significant change in traveling path of individual vehicles, and a large increase in the average traveling distance and cost. Interestingly, traveling distance decreases but traveling cost increases for some instances of diverted traffic. By comparing networks with different topology and connectivity, we observe that the number of alternative routes play a crucial role in suppressing the increase in traveling cost after road blockage. We tested our algorithm using the England highway network and found that coordinated diversion can suppress the increase in traveling cost by as much as 66$\%$ in the scenarios studied. These results reveal the advantages brought by the optimally coordinated traffic diversion after road blockage.
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