自动行星防御系统通过从L1和L3（地月）发射的导弹偏转近地天体
Automatic planetary defense Deflecting NEOs by missiles shot from L1 and L3 (Earth-Moon)
摘要：
我们发展了一个自动天基系统的数学理论，该系统借助从地月拉格朗日点L1和L3发射的导弹偏转近地物体。一个名为AsterOFF（=Asteroids OFF！）的相关代码已经提交了专利申请。这段代码已经实现，并注册了版权。在发表于《宇航学报》的一篇论文中，该作者用数学方法证明了以下定理：“在地球的影响范围内，任何近地物体都可能被导弹以90度角击中，如果导弹是从地月系统的拉格朗日点L1或L3发射的，而不是从地球表面发射的”。因此，击中的导弹将不得不沿着由近地天体的入射双曲线唯一确定的“共焦椭圆”（以地球为中心）移动。作者在本文中进一步表明：1）拟议的防御系统将是偏转直径小于一公里的小型近地天体的理想选择。2)传统的开普勒轨道理论可以成功地用于获得实现近地物体偏转所需的能量-动量数学公式的良好的一阶近似值。然而，关于从L1和L3发射的导弹的许多工程细节仍然需要在我们的模拟中实现。3)如果一枚导弹不足以使近地物体完全偏转，那么这里使用的“共焦二次曲线”的一个很大的优点是，新的、略微偏转的近地物体的双曲线肯定会被另一枚稍微偏心的椭圆形导弹弹道以近90度击中。因此，可以从地月拉格朗日点L1和L3按顺序发射足够数量的导弹，其结果是，所有这些小而重复的偏转之和最终将使近地天体偏离其与地球的碰撞双曲线。
英文摘要：
We develop the mathematical theory for an automatic, space-based system to deflect NEOs by virtue of missiles shot from the Earth-Moon L1 and L3 Lagrangian Points. A patent application has been filed for the relevant code dubbed AsterOFF (=Asteroids OFF !). This code was already implemented, and a copyright for it was registered. In a paper published in Acta Astronautica, this author proved mathematically the following theorem: "Within the sphere of influence of the Earth, any NEO could be hit by a missile at just an angle of 90 degrees, was the missile shot from the Lagrangian Points L1 or L3 of the Earth-Moon system, rather than from the surface of the Earth". As a consequence, the hitting missile would have to move along a "confocal ellipse" (centered at the Earth) uniquely determined by the NEO's incoming hyperbola. The author further shows in this paper that: 1) The proposed defense system would be ideal to deflect NEOs that are small, i.e. less than one kilometer in diameter. 2) The traditional theory of Keplerian orbits can successfully be applied to get an excellent first-order approximation of the mathematical formulae of the energy-momentum requested to achieve the NEO deflection. Many engineering details about the missiles shot from L1 and L3, however, still have to be implemented into our simulations. 3) Was one missile not enough to deflect the NEO completely, it is a great advantage of the "confocal conics" used here that the new, slightly deflected NEO's hyperbola would certainly be hit at nearly 90 degrees by another and slightly more eccentric elliptical missile trajectory. A sufficient number of missiles could thus be launched in a sequence from the Earth-Moon Lagrangian points L1 and L3 with the result that the SUM of all these small and repeated deflections will finally throw the NEO off its collision hyperbola with the Earth.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
