兼顾星间链路和地星链路的GNSSs拓扑设计
Topology Design for GNSSs Considering Both Inter-satellite Links and Ground-satellite Links
摘要：
全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）采用星间链路（ISL）进行高精度轨道确定和天基端到端遥测遥控和通信。由于星载ISL终端有限，通常采用轮询时分双工（PTDD）机制进行空间链路层组网。通过将轮询机制扩展到地星链路，可以实现空间段和地面段的统一管理。然而，在轮询系统下，如何在每个时隙期间联合设计ISL和GSL的拓扑以改善数据交互尚未被研究。在本文中，我们制定的拓扑设计问题作为一个整数线性规划，旨在最小化的平均延迟数据传输从卫星到地面站，同时满足测距要求的轨道确定。为了解决计算复杂度的问题，我们首先提出了一种新的延迟建模方法，以减少决策变量的数量。此外，我们提出了一个更有效的启发式最大权重匹配算法的基础上。仿真结果证明了所提出的方法在GNSS实际操作中的可行性。比较这两种方法，启发式可以实现类似的性能方面的平均延迟，但显着降低复杂性。
英文摘要：
Inter-satellite links (ISLs) are adopted in global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for high-precision orbit determination and space-based end-to-end telemetry telecommand control and communications. Due to limited onboard ISL terminals, the polling time division duplex (PTDD) mechanism is usually proposed for space link layer networking. By extending the polling mechanism to ground-satellite links (GSLs), a unified management system of the space segment and the ground segment can be realized. However, under the polling system how to jointly design the topology of ISLs and GSLs during every slot to improve data interaction has not been studied. In this paper, we formulate the topology design problem as an integer linear programming, aiming at minimizing the average delay of data delivery from satellites to ground stations while satisfying the ranging requirement for the orbit determination. To tackle the computational complexity problem, we first present a novel modeling method of delay to reduce the number of decision variables. Further, we propose a more efficient heuristic based on maximum weight matching algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methods for practical operation in GNSSs. Comparing the two methods, the heuristic can achieve similar performance with respect to average delay but with significantly less complexity.
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