近似计算带不等式和否定的合取查询的答案数量
Approximately Counting Answers to Conjunctive Queries with Disequalities and Negations
AI总结:
本研究对带不等式和否定的合取查询的答案计数近似问题进行了复杂性分类,给出了 FPTRAS 存在的充要条件(基于树宽或自适应宽度),并证明了在一般情形下无法达到 FPRAS,但无不等式和否定时对有界分数超树宽查询存在 FPRAS。
摘要:
我们研究了在大数据库 $\mathcal{D}$ 中近似计算小查询 $\phi$ 的答案数量的复杂性。如果 $\phi$ 是带不等式和否定的合取查询,我们建立了可处理与不可处理情况的详尽分类:\n\n $\bullet$ 如果 $\phi$ 的元数有常数界,并且随机化指数时间假设(rETH)成立,那么该问题具有固定参数可处理的近似方案(FPTRAS)当且仅当 $\phi$ 的树宽有界。\n\n $\bullet$ 如果元数无界且仅允许不等式,那么该问题具有 FPTRAS 当且仅当 $\phi$ 的自适应宽度(一种比树宽更一般的宽度度量)有界;下界同样依赖于 rETH。\n\n此外,我们表明我们的结果不能加强为获得完全多项式随机近似方案(FPRAS):我们观察到,除非 $\mathrm{NP} =\mathrm{RP}$,即使树宽(和自适应宽度)为 1,也不存在 FPRAS。然而,如果既没有不等式也没有否定,我们证明了对于有界分数超树宽的查询存在 FPRAS,这严格推广了 Arenas、Croquevielle、Jayaram 和 Riveros(STOC 2021)最近为有界超树宽的合取查询建立的 FPRAS。
英文摘要:
We study the complexity of approximating the number of answers to a small query $φ$ in a large database $\mathcal{D}$. We establish an exhaustive classification into tractable and intractable cases if $φ$ is a conjunctive query with disequalities and negations: $\bullet$ If there is a constant bound on the arity of $φ$, and if the randomised Exponential Time Hypothesis (rETH) holds, then the problem has a fixed-parameter tractable approximation scheme (FPTRAS) if and only if the treewidth of $φ$ is bounded. $\bullet$ If the arity is unbounded and we allow disequalities only, then the problem has an FPTRAS if and only if the adaptive width of $φ$ (a width measure strictly more general than treewidth) is bounded; the lower bound relies on the rETH as well. Additionally we show that our results cannot be strengthened to achieve a fully polynomial randomised approximation scheme (FPRAS): We observe that, unless $\mathrm{NP} =\mathrm{RP}$, there is no FPRAS even if the treewidth (and the adaptive width) is $1$. However, if there are neither disequalities nor negations, we prove the existence of an FPRAS for queries of bounded fractional hypertreewidth, strictly generalising the recently established FPRAS for conjunctive queries with bounded hypertreewidth due to Arenas, Croquevielle, Jayaram and Riveros (STOC 2021).
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