周期性基底上有源物质的堵塞、动力学与重入流体
Clogging, Dynamics and Reentrant Fluid for Active Matter on Periodic Substrates
AI总结：
本研究探讨了周期性障碍物上有源物质圆盘的集体状态，发现活性诱导堵塞、重入流体及方向依赖的堵塞行为，并绘制了不同状态随密度、驱动和活性变化的相图。
摘要：
我们研究了在周期性障碍物阵列上驱动的run-and-tumble有源物质圆盘的集体状态。当驱动沿阵列的对称方向施加时，在低活性下发现无堵塞的均匀液态，而在较高活性下，密度变得日益不均匀，并出现一种有源堵塞态，其中迁移率显著降低。对于沿非对称或非公度方向的驱动，存在两种不同的堵塞行为：在低活性热极限下出现依赖于驱动的堵塞态，而在高活性下出现与驱动无关的堵塞态。这些区域被中等活性下的均匀流动液体所分隔。存在一个临界活性水平，高于该水平热堵塞态不会发生，同时存在一个最大化圆盘迁移率的最优活性水平。热堵塞态依赖于驱动方向，而有源堵塞态则不依赖。在低活性区域，稀释障碍物会导致迁移率单调增加；然而，对于高活性，迁移率对障碍物稀释更具鲁棒性。我们还研究了沿非对称方向驱动的速度-力曲线，发现当活性低或中等时它们是线性的，但在高活性时变得非线性，并表现出类似于固体塑性脱钉行为的行为。在更高驱动下，有源聚集消失。对于低活性，我们还发现了一个重入流体相，其中系统从低驱动下的高迁移率流体转变为较高驱动下的堵塞态，然后在非常高驱动下再次回到另一种流体相。我们绘制了热堵塞、部分堵塞、有源均匀流体、聚集流体、有源堵塞和方向锁定状态发生的区域，作为圆盘密度、漂移力和活性的函数。
英文摘要：
We examine the collective states of run-and-tumble active matter disks driven over a periodic obstacle array. When the drive is applied along a symmetry direction of the array, we find a clog-free uniform liquid state for low activity, while at higher activity, the density becomes increasingly heterogeneous and an active clogged state emerges in which the mobility is strongly reduced. For driving along non-symmetry or incommensurate directions, there are two different clogging behaviors consisting of a drive dependent clogged state in the low activity thermal limit and a drive independent clogged state at high activity. These regimes are separated by a uniform flowing liquid at intermediate activity. There is a critical activity level above which the thermal clogged state does not occur, as well as an optimal activity level that maximizes the disk mobility. Thermal clogged states are dependent on the driving direction while active clogged states are not. In the low activity regime, diluting the obstacles produces a monotonic increase in the mobility; however, for large activities, the mobility is more robust against obstacle dilution. We also examine the velocity-force curves for driving along non-symmetry directions, and find that they are linear when the activity is low or intermediate, but become nonlinear at high activity and show behavior similar to that found for the plastic depinning of solids. At higher drives the active clustering is lost. For low activity we also find a reentrant fluid phase, where the system transitions from a high mobility fluid at low drives to a clogged state at higher drives and then back into another fluid phase at very high drives. We map the regions in which the thermally clogged, partially clogged, active uniform fluid, clustered fluid, active clogged, and directionally locked states occur as a function of disk density, drift force, and activity.
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