追踪开放量子系统的信息流
Tracing Information Flow from Open Quantum Systems
摘要：
开放量子系统是高度相关的，无论是对于实际应用还是对于关于信息的性质及其传输的基本问题，包括例如退相干和记忆效应。量子力学给信息的传递引入了额外的复杂性，例如，非经典相关中的信息存储。然而，其中一些方面往往被开放系统研究的通常框架所忽视。在这项工作中，我们使用波导阵列中的光子来实现量子比特与低维离散环境耦合的量子模拟。利用量子态之间的迹距离作为信息的度量，我们分析了不同类型的信息传递。扩展通常的角度，这是专注于系统本身，我们还调查了环境中的信息的存在。
英文摘要：
Open quantum systems are highly relevant, both for practical applications as well as for fundamental questions about the nature of information and its transfer, encompassing for example decoherence and memory effects. Quantum mechanics introduces additional complexity to the transfer of information, e.g., storage of information in non-classical correlations. Yet, some of these aspects tend to be neglected by the usual framework of open system research. In this work we use photons in a waveguide array to implement a quantum simulation of the coupling of a qubit with a low-dimensional discrete environment. Using the trace distance between quantum states as a measure of information, we analyze different types of information transfer. Extending the usual perspective which is focused on the system alone, we also investigate the presence of information in the environment.
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