原子薄半导体中室温激子极化激元的运动窄化、弹道输运和俘获
Motional narrowing, ballistic transport, and trapping of room-temperature exciton polaritons in an atomically-thin semiconductor
摘要：
原子薄过渡金属二硫属化物晶体（TMDC）由于其独特的电子和光学性质，在未来的半导体光电子学中具有很大的应用前景。特别是，TMDC中的电子-空穴对（激子）在室温下是稳定的，并且与光强烈相互作用。当TMDC嵌入光学微腔中时，激子可以与腔光子杂交以形成激子极化激元（本文中的极化激元），其显示超快速度和强相互作用。在微芯片上操纵和捕获极化激元的能力对于未来的应用至关重要。在这里，我们创造了一个潜在的景观室温极化激元在单层WS $_2$，并证明他们的自由传播和捕获。我们表明，介电无序的影响，限制WS $_2$激子的扩散和扩大其光谱共振，显着减少在强激子-光子耦合制度，导致运动狭窄。这使得WS $_2$极化激元的弹道输运能够跨越数十微米，具有扩展范围的部分一阶相干性。此外，与WS $_2$激子和自由极化激元相比，捕获极化激元的退相被显著抑制。我们的研究结果表明，在环境条件下的长距离传输和有效的捕获TMDC极化激元的可能性。
英文摘要：
Atomically-thin transition metal dichalcogenide crystals (TMDCs) hold great promise for future semiconductor optoelectronics due to their unique electronic and optical properties. In particular, electron-hole pairs (excitons) in TMDCs are stable at room temperature and interact strongly with light. When TMDCs are embedded in an optical microcavity, the excitons can hybridise with cavity photons to form exciton polaritons (polaritons herein), which display both ultrafast velocities and strong interactions. The ability to manipulate and trap polaritons on a microchip is critical for future applications. Here, we create a potential landscape for room-temperature polaritons in monolayer WS$_2$, and demonstrate their free propagation and trapping. We show that the effect of dielectric disorder, which restricts the diffusion of WS$_2$ excitons and broadens their spectral resonance, is dramatically reduced in the strong exciton-photon coupling regime leading to motional narrowing. This enables the ballistic transport of WS$_2$ polaritons across tens of micrometers with an extended range of partial first-order coherence. Moreover, the dephasing of trapped polaritons is dramatically suppressed compared to both WS$_2$ excitons and free polaritons. Our results demonstrate the possibility of long-range transport and efficient trapping of TMDC polaritons in ambient conditions.
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