旋臂共转动力学及其在太阳邻域的可观测足迹
Dynamics of the spiral-arm corotation and its observable footprints in the Solar Neighborhood
摘要：
本文讨论了旋臂共转对太阳附近恒星动力学的影响。我们的结果依赖于：1）太阳位于同旋圆附近的观测证据，在那里恒星以与旋臂图案相同的角速度旋转，同旋圆建立了银河系圆盘中的同旋共振（CR）区域;（2）与SN中的中心棒相比，SN中的动力学约束是以旋臂势为主导的扰动; 3）螺旋结构的长寿命性质，促进了恒星轨道响应于螺旋扰动的动力学弛豫和相混合状态。银河势的分析模型，由一个轴对称的背景推导出所观察到的旋转曲线，并由四臂螺旋图案扰动，恒星轨道的数值模拟进行描绘的域的规则和混乱的运动形状的共振。这些研究表明，恒星可以被困在螺旋CR的稳定区域内，这种轨道捕获机制可以解释银河系（MW）本地臂的动力学起源。螺旋CR和近高阶周转共振影响SN中的速度分布，产生可观察到的结构，例如移动的基团及其径向延伸的对应物，称为对角脊。太阳和大多数SN恒星在螺旋CR的稳定区域内演化，从不穿过主螺旋臂结构，而是在人马座-船底座臂和英仙座臂之间的区域振荡。太阳的这种轨道行为为我们理解有关太阳系演化、地球环境变化和地球生命保存的问题带来了启示。
英文摘要：
This article discusses the effects of the spiral-arm corotation on the stellar dynamics in the Solar Neighborhood (SN). All our results presented here rely on: 1) observational evidence that the Sun lies near the corotation circle, where stars rotate with the same angular velocity as the spiral-arm pattern; the corotation circle establishes domains of the corotation resonance (CR) in the Galactic disk; 2) dynamical constraints that put the spiral-arm potential as the dominant perturbation in the SN, comparing with the effects of the central bar in the SN; 3) a long-lived nature of the spiral structure, promoting a state of dynamical relaxing and phase-mixing of the stellar orbits in response to the spiral perturbation. With an analytical model for the Galactic potential, composed of an axisymmetric background deduced from the observed rotation curve, and perturbed by a four-armed spiral pattern, numerical simulations of stellar orbits are performed to delineate the domains of regular and chaotic motions shaped by the resonances. Such studies show that stars can be trapped inside the stable zones of the spiral CR, and this orbital trapping mechanism could explain the dynamical origin of the Local arm of the Milky Way (MW). The spiral CR and the near high-order epicyclic resonances influence the velocity distribution in the SN, creating the observable structures such as moving groups and their radially extended counterpart known as diagonal ridges. The Sun and most of the SN stars evolve inside a stable zone of the spiral CR, never crossing the main spiral-arm structure, but oscillating in the region between the Sagittarius-Carina and Perseus arms. This orbital behavior of the Sun brings insights to our understanding of questions concerning the solar system evolution, the Earth environment changes, and the preservation of life on Earth.
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