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arXiv 2103.11316cs.SEcs.CR
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基于概念漂移的软件漏洞自动评估

Automated Software Vulnerability Assessment with Concept Drift

Triet H. M. Le, Bushra Sabir, M. Ali Babar

摘要:

软件工程研究人员越来越多地使用自然语言处理(NLP)技术来自动化软件漏洞(SV)评估使用的描述在公共存储库。然而,现有的基于NLP的方法遭受概念漂移。这个问题是由于缺乏对新的(词汇表外的)术语的适当处理而导致的,这些术语用于随着时间的推移评估看不见的SV。为了使用SV的描述进行具有概念漂移的自动SV评估,我们提出了一种结合字符和单词特征的系统方法。该方法被用来预测七个脆弱性特征(VC)。每个VC的最佳模型是使用我们定制的基于时间的交叉验证方法从八个NLP表示和六个著名的机器学习模型中选择的。我们已经使用所提出的方法在国家漏洞数据库(NVD)中的100,000多个SV上进行了大规模实验。结果表明,即使不重新训练模型,我们的方法也可以有效地解决NVD中2000年至2018年报告的SV描述的概念漂移问题。此外,我们的方法相比,现有的单词的方法具有竞争力。我们还研究如何构建具有更少特征的紧凑概念漂移感知模型,并就SV评估的分类器和NLP表示的选择给出一些建议。

英文摘要:

Software Engineering researchers are increasingly using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to automate Software Vulnerabilities (SVs) assessment using the descriptions in public repositories. However, the existing NLP-based approaches suffer from concept drift. This problem is caused by a lack of proper treatment of new (out-of-vocabulary) terms for the evaluation of unseen SVs over time. To perform automated SVs assessment with concept drift using SVs' descriptions, we propose a systematic approach that combines both character and word features. The proposed approach is used to predict seven Vulnerability Characteristics (VCs). The optimal model of each VC is selected using our customized time-based cross-validation method from a list of eight NLP representations and six well-known Machine Learning models. We have used the proposed approach to conduct large-scale experiments on more than 100,000 SVs in the National Vulnerability Database (NVD). The results show that our approach can effectively tackle the concept drift issue of the SVs' descriptions reported from 2000 to 2018 in NVD even without retraining the model. In addition, our approach performs competitively compared to the existing word-only method. We also investigate how to build compact concept-drift-aware models with much fewer features and give some recommendations on the choice of classifiers and NLP representations for SVs assessment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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