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arXiv 2103.10463stat.OTstat.AP
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二项比例的双侧置信区间:如何选取?

Two-sided confidence interval of a binomial proportion: how to choose?

André Gillibert, Jacques Bénichou, Bruno Falissard

摘要:

简介:二项比例的置信区间(CI)估计已被多次审查,但方向性解释,区分高估和低估,被忽略,而样本量和理论比例方差从实验到实验没有正式考虑。在此,我们定义和应用新的评估标准,然后给出这些CI的实际使用的建议。材料与方法:利用Google Scholar进行文献检索。评价标准为(i)单侧条件误差,(ii)假设随机理论比例的单侧局部平均误差和(iii)CI的预期半宽。结果:Wald的CI没有控制任何风险,即使预期的成功次数达到32次。似然比CI的平衡性优于Logistic Wald CI。Clopper-Pearson中P CI控制单侧局部平均误差,而简单Clopper-Pearson CI对单侧条件误差均严格保守。百分位数和基本bootstrap CI与Wald CI具有相同的偏倚顺序,而针对离散bootstrap分布修改的学生化CI和BCa偏倚较小,但不如参数方法有效。CI的半宽度反映了局部平均误差。结论:我们建议使用Clopper-Pearson中间P CI估计比例,但在受控实验条件下的非理论比例比较除外,其中Clopper-Pearson CI可能更好。

英文摘要:

Introduction: estimation of confidence intervals (CIs) of binomial proportions has been reviewed more than once but the directional interpretation, distinguishing the overestimation from the underestimation, was neglected while the sample size and theoretical proportion variances from experiment to experiment have not been formally taken in account. Herein, we define and apply new evaluation criteria, then give recommendations for the practical use of these CIs. Materials & methods: Google Scholar was used for bibliographic research. Evaluation criteria were (i) one-sided conditional errors, (ii) one-sided local average errors assuming a random theoretical proportion and (iii) expected half-widths of CIs. Results: Wald's CI did not control any of the risks, even when the expected number of successes reached 32. The likelihood ratio CI had a better balance than the logistic Wald CI. The Clopper-Pearson mid-P CI controlled well one-sided local average errors whereas the simple Clopper-Pearson CI was strictly conservative on both one-sided conditional errors. The percentile and basic bootstrap CIs had the same bias order as Wald's CI whereas the studentized CIs and BCa, modified for discrete bootstrap distributions, were less biased but not as efficient as the parametric methods. The half-widths of CIs mirrored local average errors. Conclusion: we recommend using the Clopper-Pearson mid-P CI for the estimation of a proportion except for observed-theoretical proportion comparison under controlled experimental conditions in which the Clopper-Pearson CI may be better.

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