活性物质模型中的非度规相互作用规则
Non-metric interaction rules in models of active matter
摘要：
在研究一系列令人眼花缭乱的软物质系统时，通常会对粒子通过保守且通常是短程力进行相互作用进行基于主体的模拟。在这种情况下，用于有效计算相互作用粒子对集合的成熟算法已经建立了优秀的开源软件包，可以在长时间尺度上有效地模拟大型系统-考虑到在软物质中经常观察到的时间和长度尺度的分离，这是一个至关重要的考虑因素。然而，当我们更广泛地思考构建邻居列表的意义时，会发生什么呢？如果相互作用是非互惠的，或者如果相互作用的“范围”不是由距离尺度决定的，而是根据其他一些考虑因素？随着软物质和活性物质领域越来越多地考虑生命物质的性质-从细胞到超有机体尺度-这些问题变得越来越相关，并鼓励我们在活性物质的建模中思考新的物理和计算范式。在本章中，我们将研究使用非度量相互作用的案例研究。
英文摘要：
It is common in the study of a dizzying array of soft matter systems to perform agent-based simulations of particles interacting via conservative and often short-ranged forces. In this context, well-established algorithms for efficiently computing the set of pairs of interacting particles have established excellent open-source packages to efficiently simulate large systems over long time scales -- a crucial consideration given the separation in time- and length-scales often observed in soft matter. What happens, though, when we think more broadly about what it means to construct a neighbor list? What if interactions are non-reciprocal, or if the "range" of an interaction is determined not by a distance scale but according to some other consideration? As the field of soft and active matter increasingly considers the properties of living matter -- from the cellular to the super-organismal scale -- these questions become increasingly relevant, and encourage us to think about new physical and computational paradigms in the modeling of active matter. In this chapter we examine case studies in the use of non-metric interactions.
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