多信使模拟的多流体观点
A multifluid perspective on multimessenger modelling
摘要：
这篇简短的评论介绍了相对论性多流体系统的概念--一个具有可识别的相对流量的多组分系统--并概述了一组与不同天文观测通道相关的情景模型。用来说明关键原理的具体问题包括超流流体动力学（与无线电和X射线脉冲星计时和引力波搜索相关），热流（连接到中子星冷却问题和相关的x射线观测）和物质与电磁之间的耦合（与伽马射线暴等爆炸现象和中子星磁场的长期演化等更微妙的问题有关）。我们还评论的物质和辐射之间的耦合，多流体的方法似乎不太合适。调查的主要动机是说明在多流体问题中起作用的不太熟悉的方面，建立相关的“语言”，并为这些问题的更详细的工作提供一个平台。
英文摘要：
This brief review introduces the notion of a relativistic multifluid system -- a multi-component system with identifiable relative flows -- and outlines a set of models for scenarios relevant for different astronomical observation channels. The specific problems used to illustrate the key principles include superfluid hydrodynamics (with relevance for radio and x-ray pulsar timing and gravitational-wave searches), heat flow (connecting to the problem of neutron star cooling and associated x-ray observations) and the coupling between matter and electromagnetism (linking to explosive phenomena like gamma-ray bursts and more subtle issues like the long-term evolution of a neutron star's magnetic field). We also comment on the coupling between matter and radiation, for which the multifluid approach would seem less appropriate. The main motivation of the survey is to illustrate less familiar aspects that come into play in multifluid problems, establish the relevant "language" and provide a platform for more detailed work on these issues.
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