$21\,\textrm{cm}$宇宙学中延迟功率谱的误差估计方法
Methods of Error Estimation for Delay Power Spectra in $21\,\textrm{cm}$ Cosmology
摘要：
精确测量21厘米功率谱对于理解氢再电离的物理过程至关重要。目前，该探测器正由低频无线电干涉仪阵列跟踪。随着这些实验越来越接近于对信号进行首次检测，误差估计将在设置鲁棒测量中发挥越来越重要的作用。使用延迟功率谱的方法，我们已经产生了一个关键的检查不同的方式，可以估计误差棒的功率谱。我们通过综合分析工作、玩具模型模拟和少量真实数据测试来做到这一点。我们发现，虽然独立计算，不同的误差酒吧的方法是在良好的协议，彼此在噪声占主导地位的政权的功率谱。对于我们优选的方法，预测的概率分布函数与来自模拟和真实数据的经验噪声功率分布一致。这一诊断主要是为了支持即将到来的HERA上限，也有望更普遍地适用。
英文摘要：
Precise measurements of the 21 cm power spectrum are crucial for understanding the physical processes of hydrogen reionization. Currently, this probe is being pursued by low-frequency radio interferometer arrays. As these experiments come closer to making a first detection of the signal, error estimation will play an increasingly important role in setting robust measurements. Using the delay power spectrum approach, we have produced a critical examination of different ways that one can estimate error bars on the power spectrum. We do this through a synthesis of analytic work, simulations of toy models, and tests on small amounts of real data. We find that, although computed independently, the different error bar methodologies are in good agreement with each other in the noise-dominated regime of the power spectrum. For our preferred methodology, the predicted probability distribution function is consistent with the empirical noise power distributions from both simulated and real data. This diagnosis is mainly in support of the forthcoming HERA upper limit, and also is expected to be more generally applicable.
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