A recent comparison by Merritt et al. 2020 of simulated and observed Milky Way-mass galaxies has identified a significant tension between the outskirts ($r>20\kpc$) of the stellar halos in simulated and observed galaxies. Using observations from the Dragonfly telescope and simulated galaxies from the Illustris-TNG100 project, Merritt et al. 2020 finds that the outskirts of stellar halos in simulated galaxies have surface densities $1-2$ dex higher than observed galaxies. In this paper, we compare two suites of 15 simulated Milky Way-like galaxies, each drawn from the same initial conditions, simulated with the same hydrodynamical code, but with two different models for feedback from supernovae. We find that the MUGS simulations, which use an older ``delayed-cooling'' model for feedback, also produce too much stellar mass in the outskirts of the halo, with median surface densities well above observational constraints. The MUGS2 simulations, which instead use a new, physically-motivated ``superbubble'' model for stellar feedback, have $1-2$ dex lower outer stellar halo masses and surface densities. The MUGS2 simulations generally match both the median surface density profile as well as the scatter in stellar halo surface density profiles seen in observed stellar halos. We conclude that there is no ``missing outskirts'' problem in cosmological simulations, provided that supernova feedback is modelled in a way that allows it to efficiently regulate star formation in the low-mass progenitor environments of stellar halo outskirts.
Accreted stars and stellar haloes of simulated galaxies in TNG50
Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, UNC(数学、天文学、物理与计算科学学院,科尔多瓦国立大学);Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental, CONICET–UNC(理论与实验天体物理研究所,阿根廷国家科学研究委员会-科尔多瓦国立大学);Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba, UNC(科尔多瓦天文台,科尔多瓦国立大学);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria(物理学与天文学系,维多利亚大学)
Connecting galaxies with their haloes -- from parsec to Mpc scales
University of Vienna(维也纳大学);University of New South Wales(新南威尔士大学);Indian Institute of Astrophysics(印度天体物理研究所);Instituto de Astrofı́sica de Canarias(加那利天体物理学研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉古纳大学);Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University(斯威本大学天体物理学与超级计算中心);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);University of Queensland(昆士兰大学);University of Turku(图尔库大学);Leiden Observatory(莱顿天文台);Delft University(代尔夫特理工大学);Heidelberg University(海德堡大学)
Extragalactic planetary nebulae -- tracers of kinematics and stellar populations out to 100 Mpc
University of Turku(图尔库大学);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik(马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所);University of Hertfordshire(赫特福德大学);University of Oxford(牛津大学);Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)(波茨坦莱布尼茨天体物理研究所);Universität Potsdam(波茨坦大学);Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München(慕尼黑大学)
Cluster-green galaxy correlations: where do these galaxies live?
Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental, CONICET - UNC(理论与实验天体物理研究所,CONICET-科尔多瓦大学);Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba(数学、天文学、物理与计算学院,科尔多瓦国立大学);Observatorio Astronómico, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba(天文台,科尔多瓦国立大学)
Introducing the LBT Imaging of Galactic Halos and Tidal Structures (LIGHTS) survey. A preview of the low surface brightness Universe to be unveiled by LSST
Low Surface Brightness Galaxies selected from the 40% sky area of the ALFALFA HI survey.I.Sample and statistical properties
低表面亮度(LSB)星系的数量对于理解星系形成和宇宙演化的极端情况至关重要。由于LSB星系大多富含气体(HI),因此α 40-SDSS DR 7样本绝对是在本地宇宙中选择样本的最佳调查组合之一。由于SDSS测光管道系统地高估了星系图像的天空背景,特别是对于发光星系或具有扩展的低表面亮度外围的星系,在本文中,我们首先估计了α 40-SDSS DR 7样本中SDSS图像的天空背景,使用精确的天空相减方法。一旦减去天空背景,我们用Kron椭圆孔径进行表面测光,并为每个星系图像用指数轮廓模型拟合几何参数。基于光度和几何结果,我们进一步计算了每个星系的B波段中心表面亮度,mu_{0}(B),并最终定义了一个由1129个星系组成的LSB星系样本,其中mu_{0}(B)> 22.5 mag arcsec^{-2},短轴与长轴之比b/a > 0.3。这是一个来自α 40-SDSS DR 7的HI选择的LSB星系样本,它是一个相对无偏的富气盘主导型LSB星系样本,在HI观测和SDSS DR 7测光范围内的光学星等都是完整的。我们对这个LSB星系样品的光学和射电21 cm HI特性进行了分析。此外,我们还对LSB星系的环境进行了统计研究,发现高达92%的LSB星系的邻近星系少于8个,这有力地证明了LSB星系更喜欢居住在低密度环境中。
Disentangling the assembly of the central and diffuse stellar components in galaxy clusters through dynamical friction and tidal stripping
University of Nottingham(诺丁汉大学);École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)(洛桑联邦理工学院);Universidad de La Laguna(拉帕尔马大学);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利天体物理研究所);Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(马德里自治大学)
Fast Rotators at Cosmic Noon: Stellar Kinematics for 15 Quiescent Galaxies from JWST-SUSPENSE
Leiden University(莱顿大学);University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);University of Pittsburgh(匹兹堡大学);Tufts University(塔夫茨大学);York University(约克大学);Carnegie Institution for Science(卡内基科学机构);Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)(太空望远镜科学研究所);University of Colorado, Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校);University of New South Wales(新南威尔士大学);Yale University(耶鲁大学)