对非局部色散异质斑块环境的适应
Adaptation to a heterogeneous patchy environment with nonlocal dispersion
摘要：
本文给出了一类椭圆型积分微分方程解的渐近分析。这个方程描述了一个表型结构的人口的进化平衡，选择，突变，和本地和非本地的分散在一个空间异质性，可能补丁，环境。考虑突变的小影响，我们提供了一个渐近描述的平衡表型密度。这种渐近描述涉及一个带有约束的Hamilton-Jacobi方程和一个本征值问题。基于这样的分析，我们描述了一些定性性质的表型密度在平衡取决于环境的异质性。特别是，我们表明，当环境的异质性低，人口集中在一个单一的表型性状导致单峰表型分布。相反，环境的强烈碎片化会导致多模态表型分布。
英文摘要：
In this work, we provide an asymptotic analysis of the solutions to an elliptic integro-differential equation. This equation describes the evolutionary equilibria of a phenotypically structured population, subject to selection, mutation, and both local and non-local dispersion in a spatially heterogeneous, possibly patchy, environment. Considering small effects of mutations, we provide an asymptotic description of the equilibria of the phenotypic density. This asymptotic description involves a Hamilton-Jacobi equation with constraint coupled with an eigenvalue problem. Based on such analysis, we characterize some qualitative properties of the phenotypic density at equilibrium depending on the heterogeneity of the environment. In particular, we show that when the heterogeneity of the environment is low, the population concentrates around a single phenotypic trait leading to a unimodal phenotypic distribution. On the contrary, a strong fragmentation of the environment leads to multi-modal phenotypic distributions.
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