用于实时健康监测和诊断的超灵敏多物种光谱呼吸分析
Ultra-sensitive multi-species spectroscopic breath analysis for real-time health monitoring and diagnostics
摘要：
呼吸分析通过识别和量化呼出的生物标志物，实现了对人体健康的快速、非侵入性诊断以及长期监测。在这里，我们第一次展示了显着的能力，中红外（中红外）腔增强直接频率梳状光谱（CE-DFCS）应用于呼吸分析。我们同时检测和监测作为时间的函数的四种呼吸生物标志物- CH $_3$ OH、CH $_4$、H $_2$ O和HDO -以及说明在不修改实验装置的情况下检测至少六种以上（H $_2$ CO、C $_2$ H $_6$、OCS、C $_2$ H $_4$、CS $_2$和NH $_3$）的可行性。我们实现了万亿分之一级别的超高检测灵敏度。这是通过频率梳的宽带光谱覆盖范围、单个梳齿提供的高光谱分辨率以及高精细度腔体产生的灵敏度增强的组合而实现的。利用频率梳、光学涂层和光电探测器技术的最新进展，我们可以获得大量在中红外具有强碳-氢键光谱特征的生物标志物。
英文摘要：
Breath analysis enables rapid, non-invasive diagnostics, as well as long-term monitoring, of human health through the identification and quantification of exhaled biomarkers. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the remarkable capabilities of mid-infrared (mid-IR) cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy (CE-DFCS) applied to breath analysis. We simultaneously detect and monitor as a function of time four breath biomarkers - CH$_3$OH, CH$_4$, H$_2$O and HDO - as well as illustrating the feasibility of detecting at least six more (H$_2$CO, C$_2$H$_6$, OCS, C$_2$H$_4$, CS$_2$ and NH$_3$) without modifications to the experimental apparatus. We achieve ultra-high detection sensitivity at the parts-per-trillion level. This is made possible by the combination of the broadband spectral coverage of a frequency comb, the high spectral resolution afforded by the individual comb teeth, and the sensitivity enhancement resulting from a high-finesse cavity. Exploiting recent advances in frequency comb, optical coating, and photodetector technologies, we can access a large variety of biomarkers with strong carbon-hydrogen bond spectral signatures in the mid-IR.
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