活动-非活动星系对的XMM-Newton研究
An XMM-Newton study of active-inactive galaxy pairs
摘要：
虽然理论和模拟表明星系合并在吸积黑洞及其宿主星系的宇宙学演化中起着重要作用，但星系中活动星系核（AGN）的样本仍然很小。为了增加活动星系核对的样本，我们进行了一个档案项目，以调查的X射线性质的SDSS选择的32个星系对的分离$\le$ 150千秒差距包含一个光学识别的活动星系核，这是偶然观察到的XMM-牛顿。在光学分类的非活动星系中，我们只发现了一个X射线对应物，其X射线光度较弱（$\simeq$ 5 $\times$ 10 $^{41}$ erg s $^{-1}$）。在我们的星系对样本中，59%（32个中的19个）的活动星系核显示出X射线对应物，覆盖了宽范围的吸收校正X射线光度（5 $\times$ 10 $^{41}$-2 $\times$ 10 $^{44}$ erg s $^{-1}$）。超过79%的活动星系核被遮蔽（柱密度$N_H>$ 10 $^{22}$ cm $^{-2}$），其中超过一半（{ \it即}，大约47%的活动星系核样品）是康普顿厚度的。因此，活动星系核/无活动星系核对比孤立活动星系核更容易被X射线遮蔽（因子$\simeq$ 1.5）。当与亮度和红移匹配的{ \it bona fide}双重活动星系核样品相比时，活动星系核/无活动星系核对在相同的分离范围内（PDMATHAMV 10 kpc）表现出低一个数量级的X射线柱密度。一个小样本（4个对象）的AGN/无AGN对与子pc分离都严重模糊，驱动在这些系统中的X射线柱密度和星系对分离之间的正式反相关。这些发现表明，星系环境对合并星系中核活动的触发有关键影响。
英文摘要：
While theory and simulations indicate that galaxy mergers play an important role in the cosmological evolution of accreting black holes and their host galaxies, samples of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in galaxies at close separations are still small. In order to increase the sample of AGN pairs, we undertook an archival project to investigate the X-ray properties of a SDSS-selected sample of 32 galaxy pairs with separations $\le$150 kpc containing one optically-identified AGN, that were serendipitously observed by XMM-Newton. We discovered only one X-ray counterpart among the optically classified non-active galaxies, with a weak X-ray luminosity ($\simeq$5$\times$10$^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$). 59% (19 out of 32) of the AGN in our galaxy pair sample exhibit an X-ray counterpart, covering a wide range in absorption corrected X-ray luminosity (5$\times$10$^{41}$-2$\times$10$^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$). More than 79% of these AGN are obscured (column density $N_H>$10$^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$), with more than half thereof ({\it i.e.}, about 47% of the total AGN sample) being Compton-thick. AGN/no-AGN pairs are therefore more frequently X-ray obscured (by a factor $\simeq$1.5) than isolated AGN. When compared to a luminosity and redshift-matched sample of {\it bona fide} dual AGN, AGN/no-AGN pairs exhibit one order-of-magnitude lower X-ray column density in the same separation range ($>$10 kpc). A small sample (4 objects) of AGN/no-AGN pairs with sub-pc separation are all heavily obscured, driving a formal anti-correlation between the X-ray column density and the galaxy pair separation in these systems. These findings suggest that the galactic environment has a key influence on the triggering of nuclear activity in merging galaxies.
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