New data from BESIII and LHCb show the existence of resonances with strangeness filling multiplets of the broken SU(3)_f symmetry, with the pattern predicted by the quark model. This is the case of the newly discovered Z_{cs} (3985) and Z_{cs}(4003), which have a natural accommodation in the tetraquark picture, as shown in this note. The quasi-degeneracy between Z_{cs} (3985) and Z_{cs}(4003) reproduces, in the strange sector, the situation observed with X(3872) and Z_c(3900). This represents a significative score in favor of the tetraquark scheme.
In this article, we take the scalar diquarks as point particles and describe them as basic quantum fields, then introduce the SU(3) color gauge interaction and new vacuum condensates to study the nonet scalar mesons as tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules. Comparing with the conventional quark currents, the diquark currents have the outstanding advantage to satisfy the two criteria of the QCD sum rules more easily.
Our hadro-charmonium and compact tetraquark model predictions, published before the BESIII and LHCb experimental data for the $Z_{\rm cs}(3985)$ and $Z_{\rm cs}(4003)$ tetraquarks were released, match surprisingly well with them. Here, we extend our results for the $P_{\rm cs}$ states to $Λ$ + charmonium configurations and also our hadro-charmonium predictions for $Z_{\rm c}$ and $X_{\rm c}$ tetraquarks to charmonium + pion/eta. We use them, in combination with our previous findings, to discuss the possible emergence of SU(3)$_{\rm f}$ pentaquark octets and tetraquark nonets in the hidden-char…
We point out that meson spectrum indicates the existence of a degenerate chiral nonet in the energy region around 1.4 GeV with a slightly inverted spectrum with respect to a qq nonet. Based on this observation, the approximately linear rising of the mass of a hadron with the number of constituent quarks, and the existence of a cuasidegenerate pseudoscalar nonet, we conjecture the existence of a tetraquark chiral nonet in this energy region with chiral symmetry implemented directly. We realize this idea in a chiral model and take into account the mixing of the tetraquark chiral nonet with a con…
In this talk, we summarize our recent works on the tetraquark mixing framework for the two light-meson nonets in the $J^{PC} = 0^{++}$ channel, the light nonet [$a_0(980)$, $K_0^*(700)$, $f_0(500)$, $f_0(980)$] and the heavy nonet [$a_0(1450)$, $K_0^*(1430)$, $f_0(1370)$, $f_0(1500)$]. We briefly explain this mixing framework and present various phenomenological signatures to support this picture.
We examine the interpretation of the light scalar meson nonet as tetraquark states using QCD sum rules. With the interpolating current for the tetraquark states composed of scalar diquark and scalar antidiquark, first, we construct the QCD sum rules by means of the operator product expansion up to the operators of dimension 8 and show that there is no evidence of the coupling of the tetraquark states to the light scalar meson nonet. In order to have a stable sum rule, we propose a "good" interpolating current for the tetraquarks based on chirality arguments which includes scalar and pseudoscal…
Recently, the tetraquark mixing framework has been proposed as a possible structure for the two light-meson nonets in the $J^P=0^+$ channel, the light nonet composed of $a_0(980)$, $K_0^*(700)$, $f_0(500)$, $f_0(980)$, and the heavy nonet of $a_0(1450)$, $K_0^*(1430)$, $f_0(1370)$, $f_0(1500)$. Among various signatures, we report in this work that their partial decay widths collected from various experimental data in Particle Data Group (PDG) can support this mixing scheme also. In particular, we demonstrate that the couplings of the light nonet to two pseudoscalar mesons estimated from the pa…
In this work, we investigate additional signatures to support the tetraquark mixing framework that has been recently proposed as a possible structure for the two nonets, namely $a_0 (980)$, $K_0^* (800)$, $f_0 (500)$, $f_0 (980)$ in the light nonet, $a_0 (1450)$, $K_0^* (1430)$, $f_0 (1370)$, $f_0 (1500)$ in the heavy nonet. First, we advocate that the two nonets form the flavor nonet approximately satisfying the Gell-Mann--Okubo mass relation. Then we reexamine the mass ordering generated from the tetraquark nonets and show that this mass ordering is satisfied by the two nonets although the o…
Recently, Belle\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral2} Collaboration firstly reported a new resonance $ωχ_{bJ}$ in the processes of $e^{+}e^{-} \rightarrow ωχ_{bJ}$ at center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}=10.745$ GeV. Given the Born cross section similar with the previously reported $Υ(10753)$, the new resonance $ωχ_{bJ}$ may have be $Υ(10753)$. From the perspectives of traditional $Υ(nS)$ meson and exotic tetraquark $b\bar{q}q\bar{b}$ state with the $J^{PC}$ = $1^{--}$, we tentatively investigate the $Υ(10753)$ by solving Schrödinger equation in the framework of the chiral quark model. Numerical …
The light scalar nonets are studied using the QCD sum rules for the tetraquark operators. The operator product expansion for the correlators is calculated up to dimension 12 and this enables us to perform analyses retaining sufficient pole-dominance. To classify the light scalar nonets, we investigate the dependence on current quark mass and flavor dynamics. Especially, to examine the latter, we study separately SU(3) singlet and octet states, and show that the number of annihilation diagrams is largely responsible for their differences, which is also the case even after the inclusion of the f…
We point out that the spectrum of pseudoscalar and scalar mesons exhibits a cuasi-degenerate chiral nonet in the energy region around 1.4 GeV whose scalar component has a slightly inverted spectrum. Based on the empirical linear rising of the mass of a hadron with the number of constituent quarks which yields a mass around $1.4 $GeV for tetraquarks, we conjecture that this cuasi-chiral nonet arises from the mixing of a chiral nonet composed of tetraquarks with conventional bar{q}q states. We explore this possibility in the framework of a chiral model assuming a tetraquark chiral nonet around 1…
The study of two-pseudoscalar and two-photon decays for the scalar meson nonet below 1 GeV is performed within an effective approach in which the scalar resonances are described as (Jaffe's) tetraquark states. The dominant (fall apart decay) and the subdominant (one transverse gluon as intermediate state) decay amplitudes are systematically taken into account. The latter improves the agreement with the experimental data. Possible scenarios concerning the scalar-isoscalar mixing are discussed.
Recently, a tetraquark mixing framework has been proposed for light mesons and applied more or less successfully to the isovector resonances, $a_0(980), a_0(1450)$, as well as to the isodoublet resonances, $K^*_0(800), K^*_0(1430)$. In this work, we present a more extensive view on the mixing framework and extend this to the isoscalar resonances, $f_0 (500)$, $f_0(980)$, $f_0 (1370)$, $f_0(1500)$. Tetraquarks in this framework can have two spin configurations containing either spin-0 diquark or spin-1 diquark and each configuration forms a nonet in flavor space. The two spin configurations are…
In this article, we assume that the nonet scalar mesons below $1\,\rm{ GeV}$ are the two-quark-tetraquark mixed states and study their masses and pole residues using the QCD sum rules. In calculation, we take into account the vacuum condensates up to dimension 10 and the $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$ corrections to the perturbative terms in the operator product expansion. We determine the mixing angles, which indicate the two-quark components are much larger than $50\%$, then obtain the masses and pole residues of the nonet scalar mesons.
According to a recent proposal of the tetraquark mixing framework, the two light-meson nonets in the $J^{P}=0^{+}$ channel, namely the light nonet composed of $a_0 (980)$, $K_0^* (800)$, $f_0 (500)$, $f_0(980)$, and the heavy nonet of $a_0 (1450)$, $K_0^* (1430)$, $f_0 (1370)$, $f_0 (1500)$, can be expressed by linear combinations of the two tetraquark types, one type containing the spin-0 diquark and the other with the spin-1 diquark. Among various consequences of this mixing model, one surprising result is that the second tetraquark with the spin-1 diquark configuration is more important for…
The spectroscopic parameters and partial decay widths of the light mesons $ a_0(980) $ and $K_{0}^{\ast}(800)$ are calculated by treating them as scalar diquark-antidiquark states. The masses and couplings of the mesons are found in the framework of QCD two-point sum rule approach. The widths of the decay channels $a_0(980) \to ηπ$ and $a_0(980) \to K \bar{K}$, and $ K_{0}^{\ast}(800) \to K^{+} π^{-}$ and $K_{0}^{\ast}(800) \to K^{0} π^{0} $ are evaluated using QCD sum rules on the light-cone and technical tools of the soft meson approximation. Our results for the mass of the mesons $m_{a_0}=9…
Based on the observation that K_0(1430) is lighter than its SU_3 counterpart, a_0(1450), we examine the possibility that these particles, together with f_0(1370), f_0(1500) and f_0(1710), fill a tetraquark recurrence of the sub-GeV 0^{++} nonet mixed with a glueball state. We find the picture to be consistent with the known data about the three f_0 resonances, more than the q-qbar hypothesis. Conventional spin-orbit coupling suggests the q-qbar, P-wave, nonet to lie around 1200 MeV. We review possible experimental indications of a scalar isovector resonance at 1.29 GeV, first observed by OBELI…
