自适应光线追迹在分析黑洞结构中的作用
The Role of Adaptive Ray Tracing in Analyzing Black Hole Structure
摘要：
最近出现的事件视界望远镜（EHT）使直接成像超大质量黑洞成为现实。通过广义相对论射线追踪和辐射转移产生的黑洞模拟图像为这些观测工作提供了关键的对应物。黑洞的图像具有广泛的物理上有趣的图像结构，从透镜“光子环”中的极细尺度到相对论喷流中的非常大尺度。因此，黑洞系统的多尺度性质适合于多尺度方法来生成捕获系统的所有关键元素的模拟图像。在这里，我们提出了一个处方自适应射线追踪，它可以有效地计算极高分辨率的图像黑洞。使用偏振射线跟踪代码ipole，我们的图像的半解析和GRMHD模型的组合，我们表明，即使在跟踪12倍少的射线，图像可以再现的均方误差小于0.1%。然后，我们使用自适应光线跟踪探索光子环的属性。我们说明了在GRMHD模拟的各个子环的行为，我们探索他们的签名干涉vibrant。
英文摘要：
The recent advent of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has made direct imaging of supermassive black holes a reality. Simulated images of black holes produced via general relativistic ray tracing and radiative transfer provide a key counterpart to these observational efforts. Black hole images have a wide range of physically interesting image structures, ranging from extremely fine scales in their lensed "photon rings" to the very large scales in their relativistic jets. The multi-scale nature of the black hole system is therefore suitable for a multi-scale approach to generating simulated images that capture all key elements of the system. Here, we present a prescription for adaptive ray tracing, which enables efficient computation of extremely high resolution images of black holes. Using the polarized ray-tracing code ipole, we image a combination of semi-analytic and GRMHD models, and we show that images can be reproduced with mean squared error of less than 0.1% even after tracing 12x fewer rays. We then use adaptive ray tracing to explore properties of the photon ring. We illustrate the behavior of individual subrings in GRMHD simulations, and we explore their signatures in interferometric visibilities.
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