GAMMA-400 gamma-ray望远镜探测横向伽马射线暴的能力
Capabilities of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope to detect gamma-ray bursts from lateral directions
摘要：
目前正在开发的天基伽马射线望远镜<$MA-400将使用主自上而下孔径在高度椭圆轨道（不受地球和辐射带外的遮挡）上长期连续测量伽马射线和电子+正电子通量，能量范围从~20 MeV到几TeV。该仪器将提供关于离散伽马射线源、伽马射线暴、银河系宇宙射线的来源和传播以及暗物质特征的全新数据，因为它在宽能量范围内具有独特的角度和能量分辨率。伽马射线望远镜由反符合系统（AC）、转换跟踪器（C）、飞行时间系统（S1和S2）、位置敏感和电磁量热计（CC 1和CC 2）、位于CC 2量热计上方和后方的闪烁探测器（S3和S4）以及位于CC 2量热计周围的横向探测器（LD）组成。本文利用蒙特卡罗模拟分析了伽玛射线望远镜对CC 2横向伽玛暴通量的测量能力。该分析是基于离线的第二级触发器的结构，使用来自S3，CC 2，S4和LD探测器的信号。为了检验数值算法，使用了费米实验的天基GBM和LAT仪器的数据，即三个长爆发：GRB 080916 C，GRB 090902 B，GRB 090926 A和一个短爆发GRB 090510 A。计算结果表明，从横向上看，在CC 2四面轴上有效面积约为0.13 m2，总视场约为6 sr的条件下，伽马射线望远镜能够可靠地测量~10 ~~100 MeV的明亮伽玛暴谱。
英文摘要：
The currently developing space-based gamma-ray telescope GAMMA-400 will measure the gamma-ray and electron + positron fluxes using the main top-down aperture in the energy range from ~20 MeV to several TeV in a highly elliptic orbit (without shading the telescope by the Earth and outside the radiation belts) continuously for a long time. The instrument will provide fundamentally new data on discrete gamma-ray sources, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), sources and propagation of Galactic cosmic rays and signatures of dark matter due to its unique angular and energy resolutions in the wide energy range. The gamma-ray telescope consists of the anticoincidence system (AC), the converter-tracker (C), the time-of-flight system (S1 and S2), the position-sensitive and electromagnetic calorimeters (CC1 and CC2), scintillation detectors (S3 and S4) located above and behind the CC2 calorimeter and lateral detectors (LD) located around the CC2 calorimeter. In this paper, the capabilities of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope to measure fluxes of GRBs from lateral directions of CC2 are analyzed using Monte-Carlo simulations. The analysis is based on off-line second-level trigger construction using signals from S3, CC2, S4 and LD detectors. For checking the numerical algorithm the data from space-based GBM and LAT instruments of the Fermi experiment are used, namely, three long bursts: GRB 080916C, GRB 090902B, GRB 090926A and one short burst GRB 090510A. The obtained results allow us to conclude that from lateral directions the GAMMA-400 space-based gamma-ray telescope will reliably measure the spectra of bright GRBs in the energy range from ~10 to ~100 MeV with the on-axis effective area of about 0.13 m2 for each of the four sides of CC2 and total field of view of about 6 sr.
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