使用干大气等离子体引发可持续地提高种子活力：通过涂层润湿性、吸水性和等离子体反应化学的证据
Sustainable improvement of seeds vigor using dry atmospheric plasma priming: evidence through coating wettability, water uptake and plasma reactive chemistry
摘要：
将小扁豆种子包装在介电屏障装置中，并暴露于在具有/不具有反应气体（氮气或氧气）的氦气中产生的冷大气等离子体几分钟。虽然没有证据表明对发芽率有影响（在有/没有等离子体暴露的情况下，覆盖率几乎为100%），但种子活力明显改善，中值发芽时间从1850分钟（31小时）减少到1500分钟（26小时），因此代表节省了至少5小时的时间。我们表明，混合物的氮气氦气可以进一步增加这一时间节省高达8小时。因此，我们证明了在氦放电中加入分子氧并不能提高种子活力。无论使用何种等离子体化学，这些生物效应都伴随着种子包衣的强烈润湿（接触角从118°降低到25°）以及吸水性增加（吸胀后8小时测量的等离子体处理种子的吸水率接近50%，而对照组种子的吸水率为37%）。在45天的老化期内对种子的跟踪显示了等离子体触发的生物效应的可持续性：无论等离子体处理如何，种子活力保持稳定，并且比未暴露于等离子体的种子高得多。由于这些原因，供应有He-N2气体混合物的种子包装的介电阻挡装置（SP-DBD）可以被认为是相关的干燥大气引发等离子体（DAPP），其方式与种子公司在常规中使用的那些相同。
英文摘要：
Lentil seeds have been packed in a dielectric barrier device and exposed for several minutes to a cold atmospheric plasma generated in helium with/without a reactive gas (nitrogen or oxygen). While no impact is evidenced on germination rates (caping nearly at 100% with/without plasma exposure), seeds vigor is clearly improved with a median germination time decreasing from 1850 min (31h) to 1500 min (26 h), hence representing a time saving of at least 5 hours. We show that the admixture of nitrogen to helium can further increase this time saving up to 8 hours. Contrarily, we demonstrate that the addition of molecular oxygen to the helium discharge does not promote seeds vigor. Whatever the plasma chemistry utilized, these biological effects are accompanied with strong hydrophilization of the seed coating (with a decrease in contact angles from 118° to 25°) as well as increased water absorption (water uptakes measured 8 hours after imbibition are close to 50% for plasma-treated seeds instead of 37% for seeds from the control group). A follow-up of the seeds over a 45-days ageing period shows the sustainability of the plasma-triggered biological effects: whatever the plasma treatment, seeds vigor remains stable and much higher than for seeds unexposed to plasma). For these reasons, the seed-packed dielectric barrier device (SP-DBD) supplied with a He-N2 gas mixture can be considered as a relevant dry atmospheric priming plasma (DAPP) in the same way as those used in routine by seed companies.
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