内部量子不可分性与外部经典关联之间折衷的观察
Observation of the tradeoff between internal quantum nonseparability and external classical correlations
摘要：
纠缠的一夫一妻制关系是非常重要的。然而，它们只涉及不同子系统共享的纠缠量。纠缠和其他类型的关联，特别是经典关联之间的一夫一妻关系的结果是非常罕见的。在这里，我们实验观察到的内部量子不可分性和外部总关联的光子系统之间的权衡关系，并发现，即使是纯粹的经典外部关联有一个不利的影响，内部不可分性。我们考虑的不可分离性，由并发度测量，是在同一个光子内的不同自由度之间，和外部的经典相关性，由标准的量子互信息测量，使用时间仓方法产生的光子对的光子之间。我们的观察表明，为了保持系统的内部纠缠，有必要保持系统与其环境之间的低外部关联，包括经典关联。
英文摘要：
The monogamy relations of entanglement are highly significant. However, they involve only amounts of entanglement shared by different subsystems. Results on monogamy relations between entanglement and other kinds of correlations, and particularly classical correlations, are very scarce. Here we experimentally observe a tradeoff relation between internal quantum nonseparability and external total correlations in a photonic system and found that even purely classical external correlations have a detrimental effect on internal nonseparability. The nonseparability we consider, measured by the concurrence, is between different degrees of freedom within the same photon, and the external classical correlations, measured by the standard quantum mutual information, are generated between the photons of a photon pair using the time-bin method. Our observations show that to preserve the internal entanglement in a system, it is necessary to maintain low external correlations, including classical ones, between the system and its environment.
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