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arXiv 2103.01938eess.IVcs.CVcs.LG
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医学成像和机器学习

Medical Imaging and Machine Learning

Stanford University(斯坦福大学);Columbia University(哥伦比亚大学);Stanford Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Center(斯坦福医学人工智能中心)

Rohan Shad, John P. Cunningham, Euan A. Ashley, Curtis P. Langlotz, William Hiesinger

摘要:

计算能力、深度学习架构和专家标记数据集的进步刺激了医学成像人工智能系统的发展,这些系统在各种场景中与临床专家竞争。2018年,美国国立卫生研究院确定了人工智能在医学成像领域的未来重点关注领域,为图像采集、算法、数据标准化和可翻译的临床决策支持系统的研究创建了基础路线图。报告中提出的关键问题包括:数据可用性、对新型计算架构的需求以及可解释的人工智能算法,尽管仅在过去几年中就取得了巨大进展,但这些问题仍然具有相关性。此外,在开发过程的早期,必须考虑数据共享的转化目标、监管批准的性能验证、可推广性和非预期偏倚的缓解。在这篇观点论文中,我们探讨了高维临床成像数据所特有的挑战,并强调了开发用于临床决策支持的高维、多模态机器学习系统时的一些技术和伦理考虑。

英文摘要:

Advances in computing power, deep learning architectures, and expert labelled datasets have spurred the development of medical imaging artificial intelligence systems that rival clinical experts in a variety of scenarios. The National Institutes of Health in 2018 identified key focus areas for the future of artificial intelligence in medical imaging, creating a foundational roadmap for research in image acquisition, algorithms, data standardization, and translatable clinical decision support systems. Among the key issues raised in the report: data availability, need for novel computing architectures and explainable AI algorithms, are still relevant despite the tremendous progress made over the past few years alone. Furthermore, translational goals of data sharing, validation of performance for regulatory approval, generalizability and mitigation of unintended bias must be accounted for early in the development process. In this perspective paper we explore challenges unique to high dimensional clinical imaging data, in addition to highlighting some of the technical and ethical considerations in developing high-dimensional, multi-modality, machine learning systems for clinical decision support.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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