《2020年世界发展报告：全球价值链时代的贸易促进发展》
Commentary on World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains
摘要：
贸易对经济的重要性无需强调。你出售你有竞争力的产品或服务，并购买那些你没有竞争力的产品或服务。韩国和中国等国的经验表明，发展所需的资源可以通过贸易获得，从而促使许多国家将贸易作为发展的手段。与此同时，“全球价值链”或“GVC”的出现改变了我们的贸易方式。虽然全球价值链的概念是在21世纪初提出的，但在1980年代之前就有全球价值链的例子。然而，这一现象的规模以及技术变革通过降低贸易成本使生产分散化的方式在以前是不可能的（Hernandez等人，2014年）。在此背景下，世界银行最近发布了《2020年世界发展报告：全球价值链时代的贸易促进发展》（WDR）。该报告指出，全球价值链仍然为发展中国家提供了一条明确的前进道路，发展中国家可以通过实施针对其发展阶段的市场化改革取得更好的成果。
英文摘要：
The importance of trade to an economy needs no emphasis. You sell products or services that you are competitive at and buy those where you are not. Experience of countries such as South Korea and China demonstrate that resources required for development can be garnered through trade; thus, motivating many countries to embrace trade as a means for development. Simultaneously, emergence of 'Global Value Chain' or 'GVC' as they are popularly known has changed the way we trade. Though the concept of GVC was introduced in the early 2000s, there are examples of global value chains before the 1980s. However, the scale of the phenomenon and the way in which technological change, by lowering trade costs, has allowed fragmentation of production was not possible before (Hernandez et al., 2014). In this context, the World Bank has recently published its 'World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains' (WDR). The report prescribes that GVCs still offer developing countries a clear path to progress and that developing countries can achieve better outcomes by pursuing market-oriented reforms specific to their stage of development.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
