具有$T^2 = -1$对称性保护的一维拓扑超导体中Majorona零能边态的演化
Evolution of Majorona zero-energy edge states in a $T^2 = -1$ symmetry protected 1D topological superconductor with dominant spin-orbit coupling
摘要：
本文研究了一个一维拓扑超导体（TSC），它是由一对自旋组态相反的Kitaev Majorana链耦合而成。已知这种1D晶格模型受到$T^2 = -1$时间反演对称性的保护。此外，我们考虑了一个模型的Rashba自旋轨道耦合这样一个系统的$T^2=-1$时间反演对称TSC。Rashba自旋轨道耦合与化学势一起设计了系统中边缘态的相变，从而设计了在耦合链边缘出现的Majorona零能边缘模式（MZM）的数量。相应地，系统的拓扑性质由三个不同相组成的相图描述。三相的特征在于拓扑绕组数，$\mathcal{W}=1$、$2$（具有一个和两个MZM：拓扑相）和$\mathcal{W}=0$（没有任何MZM：平凡绝缘相）。
英文摘要：
We consider a 1D topological superconductor (TSC) constructed by coupling a pair of Kitaev's Majorana chains with opposite spin configurations. Such a 1D lattice model is known to be protected by a $T^2 = -1$ time-reversal symmetry. Furthermore, we consider a modeled Rashba spin-orbit coupling on such a system of $T^2=-1$ time-reversal symmetric TSC. The Rashba spin-orbit coupling together with the chemical potential engineered the phase transitions of the edge states in the system and consequently the number of Majorona's zero-energy edge modes (MZM's) emerging at the edge of the coupled chains. Correspondingly, the topological nature of the system is described by a phase diagram consisting of three different phases. The three phases are characterized by a topological winding number, $\mathcal{W}=1$, $2$ (with one and two MZM's: topological phases) and $\mathcal{W}=0$ (devoid of any MZM: trivial insulating phase).
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