通过虚拟平台实现无缝可变性管理
Seamless Variability Management With the Virtual Platform
摘要：
定制是软件工程的一个普遍趋势，要求系统支持可变的涉众需求。通常使用两种相反的策略来创建变体：软件克隆和拥有以及集成平台的软件配置。组织通常从前者开始，前者便宜，敏捷，支持快速创新，但不能扩展。后者通过建立一个在不同变体之间共享软件资产的集成平台来扩展，但需要高额的前期投资或风险较高的迁移过程。那么，我们是否可以有一种方法，允许一个简单的过渡，甚至结合两种策略的好处？我们提出了一种方法和工具，支持一个真正的增量开发的变种丰富的系统，利用两个对立的战略之间的频谱。我们设计，形式化，和原型的可变性管理框架虚拟平台。它连接了克隆和自有以及面向平台的开发。依赖于编程语言独立的概念结构，代表软件资产，它提供了运营商的工程和发展的系统，包括：传统的，面向资产的运营商和新颖的，面向功能的运营商逐步采用的概念，集成平台。操作员记录由其他操作员利用以支持转换的元数据。除其他外，它们消除了昂贵的功能定位工作或跟踪克隆的需要。我们的评估模拟了现实世界中基于克隆的系统的演变，衡量其成本和效益。
英文摘要：
Customization is a general trend in software engineering, demanding systems that support variable stakeholder requirements. Two opposing strategies are commonly used to create variants: software clone & own and software configuration with an integrated platform. Organizations often start with the former, which is cheap, agile, and supports quick innovation, but does not scale. The latter scales by establishing an integrated platform that shares software assets between variants, but requires high up-front investments or risky migration processes. So, could we have a method that allows an easy transition or even combine the benefits of both strategies? We propose a method and tool that supports a truly incremental development of variant-rich systems, exploiting a spectrum between both opposing strategies. We design, formalize, and prototype the variability-management framework virtual platform. It bridges clone & own and platform-oriented development. Relying on programming-language-independent conceptual structures representing software assets, it offers operators for engineering and evolving a system, comprising: traditional, asset-oriented operators and novel, feature-oriented operators for incrementally adopting concepts of an integrated platform. The operators record meta-data that is exploited by other operators to support the transition. Among others, they eliminate expensive feature-location effort or the need to trace clones. Our evaluation simulates the evolution of a real-world, clone-based system, measuring its costs and benefits.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
