大MIMO下行矢量微扰预编码的量子退火
Quantum Annealing for Large MIMO Downlink Vector Perturbation Precoding
摘要：
在基站处具有多个天线的多用户系统中，下行链路广播信道中的预编码技术允许用户以非协作方式检测其各自的数据。矢量扰动预编码（VPP）是发射侧信道反转的非线性变体，其扰动用户数据以实现全分集阶数。虽然有希望，但在VPP中找到最佳扰动已知是NP难问题，需要在基站处的大量计算支持，并且将该方法的可行性限制在小型MIMO系统中。这项工作提出了一个根本不同的处理架构的下行链路VPP问题，量子退火（QA）的基础上，使VPP的适用性，大型MIMO系统。我们的设计减少VPP的二次多项式形式服从QA，然后细化的问题系数，以减轻QA硬件噪声的不利影响。我们评估我们提出的基于QA的VPP（QAVP）技术在一个真正的量子退火设备在各种设计和机器参数设置。对于在32 dB SNR下使用64 QAM调制的6 $\times$ 6 MIMO系统，利用现有硬件，QAVP可以在100 $μ$ s的计算时间内实现$10^{-4}$的BER。
英文摘要：
In a multi-user system with multiple antennas at the base station, precoding techniques in the downlink broadcast channel allow users to detect their respective data in a non-cooperative manner. Vector Perturbation Precoding (VPP) is a non-linear variant of transmit-side channel inversion that perturbs user data to achieve full diversity order. While promising, finding an optimal perturbation in VPP is known to be an NP-hard problem, demanding heavy computational support at the base station and limiting the feasibility of the approach to small MIMO systems. This work proposes a radically different processing architecture for the downlink VPP problem, one based on Quantum Annealing (QA), to enable the applicability of VPP to large MIMO systems. Our design reduces VPP to a quadratic polynomial form amenable to QA, then refines the problem coefficients to mitigate the adverse effects of QA hardware noise. We evaluate our proposed QA based VPP (QAVP) technique on a real Quantum Annealing device over a variety of design and machine parameter settings. With existing hardware, QAVP can achieve a BER of $10^{-4}$ with 100$μ$s compute time, for a 6$\times$6 MIMO system using 64 QAM modulation at 32 dB SNR.
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