检查造父变星距离阶梯：哈勃太空望远镜到SNIa宿主星系NGC 5584的距离
Inspecting the Cepheid distance ladder: The Hubble Space Telescope distance to the SNIa host galaxy NGC 5584
摘要：
目前，哈勃常数$H_0$的直接测量和早期宇宙测量之间的紧张关系需要对辩论双方研究中使用的所有数据和方法进行详细审查。Ia型超新星（SNIa）的宿主星系NGC 5584中的造父变星在$H_0$的局部测量中发挥了关键作用。SH0ES项目利用对该星系的观测，推导出造父变星周期与它们在哈勃太空望远镜（HST）不同波段的振幅比之间的关系，并利用这些关系分析了目前大约一半的本星系样本中造父变星的光变曲线。在这项工作中，我们对NGC 5584中的造父变星进行了独立的详细分析。我们采用不同的工具进行光度分析，并采用完全不同的方法进行光变曲线分析，我们没有发现我们的周期和平均星等测量与SH0ES报告的测量之间存在系统性差异。采用银河系造父变星校准的周期光度关系，我们测量了距离模$μ=31.810\pm0.047$（mag），它与SH0 ES测量的$μ=31.786\pm0.046$（mag）一致。此外，我们发现NGC 5584中造父变星的周期和振幅比之间的关系明显比SH 0 ES紧密，它们对直接测量$H_0$的潜在影响将在未来的研究中进行调查。
英文摘要：
The current tension between the direct and the early Universe measurements of the Hubble Constant, $H_0$, requires detailed scrutiny of all the data and methods used in the studies on both sides of the debate. The Cepheids in the type Ia supernova (SNIa) host galaxy NGC 5584 played a key role in the local measurement of $H_0$. The SH0ES project used the observations of this galaxy to derive a relation between Cepheids' periods and ratios of their amplitudes in different optical bands of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and used these relations to analyse the light curves of the Cepheids in around half of the current sample of local SNIa host galaxies. In this work, we present an independent detailed analysis of the Cepheids in NGC 5584. We employ different tools for our photometric analysis and a completely different method for our light curve analysis, and we do not find a systematic difference between our period and mean magnitude measurements compared to those reported by SH0ES. By adopting a period-luminosity relation calibrated by the Cepheids in the Milky Way, we measure a distance modulus $μ=31.810\pm0.047$ (mag) which is in agreement with $μ=31.786\pm0.046$ (mag) measured by SH0ES. In addition, the relations we find between periods and amplitude ratios of the Cepheids in NGC 5584 are significantly tighter than those of SH0ES and their potential impact on the direct $H_0$ measurement will be investigated in future studies.
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