用固体浸没透镜写入laser在金刚石中产生低电荷噪声氮空位中心
Low charge-noise nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond created using laser writing with a solid-immersion lens
摘要：
本文报道了固体浸没透镜（SIL）促进脉冲激光诱导金刚石中氮空位（NV）中心的产生。SIL使激光写入的能量低至每脉冲5.8 nJ，并允许空位形成接近金刚石表面，而不诱导表面石墨化。我们在以前未探索的制度，晶格空位产生隧道击穿，而不是多光子电离。我们提出了三个样品，其中NV中心阵列激光写入之间的距离约1 $μ$ m和40 $μ$ m从金刚石表面，所有呈现窄分布的光学线宽与平均值之间的62.1 MHz和74.5 MHz。线宽包括由用于电荷状态稳定的532 nm再泵浦激光引起的长期光谱扩散的效果，从而强调所产生的色心的特别低的电荷噪声环境。这种高质量的NV中心是采用双光子量子干涉与单独的NV中心的实际应用的优秀候选者。最后，我们提出了一个模型，从非均匀加宽的NV中心光学线宽解开功率展宽。
英文摘要：
We report on pulsed-laser induced generation of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond facilitated by a solid-immersion lens (SIL). The SIL enables laser writing at energies as low as 5.8 nJ per pulse and allows vacancies to be formed close to a diamond surface without inducing surface graphitization. We operate in the previously unexplored regime where lattice vacancies are created following tunneling breakdown rather than multiphoton ionization. We present three samples in which NV-center arrays were laser-written at distances between ~1 $μ$m and 40 $μ$m from a diamond surface, all presenting narrow distributions of optical linewidths with means between 62.1 MHz and 74.5 MHz. The linewidths include the effect of long-term spectral diffusion induced by a 532 nm repump laser for charge-state stabilization, thereby emphasizing the particularly low charge-noise environment of the created color centers. Such high-quality NV centers are excellent candidates for practical applications employing two-photon quantum interference with separate NV centers. Finally, we propose a model for disentangling power broadening from inhomogeneous broadening in the NV center optical linewidth.
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