使用结构成分分离的源和细丝的多尺度、多波长提取
Multiscale, multiwavelength extraction of sources and filaments using separation of the structural components: getsf
摘要：
现代地面和空间天文台提供的高质量天文图像需要足够可靠的软件来分析和准确提取源、细丝和其他结构，其中包含有关空间复杂物理过程的大量详细信息。多波长观测具有跨波段的高度可变的角分辨率，需要提取工具来保存和使用宝贵的高分辨率信息。本文提出了一种新的方法getsf，用于提取源和细丝在天文图像中使用分离其结构成分，旨在处理多波长的图像集和非常复杂的天文背景。该方法在空间上分解原始图像，并将源和细丝的结构成分彼此分离并与它们的背景分离，使它们的结果图像平坦化。它在空间上分解的扁平组件，将它们组合在波长上，检测源的位置和细丝的骨架，并测量检测到的源和细丝。本文提出了一个现实的多波长模拟基准图像，可以作为标准的基准问题，以评估质量的源和相干提取方法。本文介绍了hires，一种改进的算法推导出高分辨率的表面密度从多波长远红外赫歇尔图像。当使用70微米图像时，该算法允许产生具有达到5.6弧秒的角分辨率的表面密度。代码getsf和hires说明了他们的应用程序，以各种图像，从X射线域的毫米波长。
英文摘要：
High-quality astronomical images delivered by modern ground-based and space observatories demand adequate, reliable software for their analysis and accurate extraction of sources, filaments, and other structures, containing massive amounts of detailed information about the complex physical processes in space. The multiwavelength observations with highly variable angular resolutions across wavebands require extraction tools that preserve and use the invaluable high-resolution information. This paper presents getsf, a new method for extracting sources and filaments in astronomical images using separation of their structural components, designed to handle multiwavelength sets of images and very complex filamentary backgrounds. The method spatially decomposes the original images and separates the structural components of sources and filaments from each other and from their backgrounds, flattening their resulting images. It spatially decomposes the flattened components, combines them over wavelengths, detects the positions of sources and skeletons of filaments, and measures the detected sources and filaments. This paper presents a realistic multiwavelength set of simulated benchmark images that can serve as the standard benchmark problem to evaluate qualities of source- and filament-extraction methods. This paper describes hires, an improved algorithm for the derivation of high-resolution surface densities from the multiwavelength far-infrared Herschel images. The algorithm allows creating the surface densities with angular resolutions that reach 5.6 arcsec, when the 70 micron image is used. The codes getsf and hires are illustrated by their applications to a variety of images, from the X-ray domain to the millimeter wavelengths.
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