高频声液滴汽化是由共振引发的
High-frequency acoustic droplet vaporization is initiated by resonance
摘要：
低沸点液滴的蒸发在燃烧、过程工程以及近年来在临床医学中具有许多应用。然而，控制相变的物理机制仅得到部分解释。在这里，我们表明，声共振可以产生从大的声速之间的不匹配的全氟化碳微滴和它的周围环境。基本共振模式服从液滴尺寸和驱动频率之间的独特关系$kR$ ~ $\sim$ 0.65，这导致液滴内部的3倍压力放大。经典成核理论表明，这种压力放大使成核速率增加了几个数量级。这些发现得到了在十纳秒时间尺度下进行的高速成像的证实。光学记录表明，暴露于由叉指换能器产生的强烈声波的液滴成核，只有当它们匹配的理论共振尺寸。
英文摘要：
Vaporization of low-boiling point droplets has numerous applications in combustion, process engineering and in recent years, in clinical medicine. However, the physical mechanisms governing the phase conversion are only partly explained. Here, we show that an acoustic resonance can arise from the large speed of sound mismatch between a perfluorocarbon microdroplet and its surroundings. The fundamental resonance mode obeys a unique relationship $kR$~$\sim$ 0.65 between droplet size and driving frequency that leads to a 3-fold pressure amplification inside the droplet. Classical nucleation theory shows that this pressure amplification increases the nucleation rate by several orders of magnitude. These findings are confirmed by high-speed imaging performed at a timescale of ten nanoseconds. The optical recordings demonstrate that droplets exposed to intense acoustic waves generated by inter-digital-transducers nucleate only if they match the theoretical resonance size.
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