动态流动在南极冰下湖泊中创造了潜在的可居住条件
Dynamic flows create potentially habitable conditions in Antarctic subglacial lakes
摘要：
南极冰盖下有400多个冰下湖泊，这些湖泊被认为是微生物生命的极端，孤立但可行的栖息地。冰下湖泊的物理条件对于评估生命如何以及在哪里最好地存在至关重要。在这里，我们提出，地球的地热通量提供了有效的搅拌南极冰下湖水。我们证明，大多数湖泊是在一个制度的剧烈湍流垂直对流，使悬浮的球形颗粒直径达36微米。因此，动态条件支持有效混合的营养和氧富集融水来自覆盖的冰，这是必不可少的生物群落的支持内的水柱。我们警告说，积冰分析不能总是用作薄冰盖（<3.166公里）下湖泊水取样的替代，因为稳定层将混合良好的散装水与可能发生冻结的冰水界面隔离开来。
英文摘要：
Trapped beneath the Antarctic ice sheet lie over 400 subglacial lakes, which are considered to be extreme, isolated, yet viable habitats for microbial life. The physical conditions within subglacial lakes are critical to evaluating how and where life may best exist. Here, we propose that Earth's geothermal flux provides efficient stirring of Antarctic subglacial lake water. We demonstrate that most lakes are in a regime of vigorous turbulent vertical convection, enabling suspension of spherical particulates with diameters up to 36 micrometers. Thus, dynamic conditions support efficient mixing of nutrient- and oxygen-enriched meltwater derived from the overlying ice, which is essential for biome support within the water column. We caution that accreted ice analysis cannot always be used as a proxy for water sampling of lakes beneath a thin (<3.166 kilometers) ice cover, because a stable layer isolates the well-mixed bulk water from the ice-water interface where freezing may occur.
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