通过对附近年轻恒星成像的盘演化研究（DESTINYS）：SU Aur中导致盘不对准和动力学结构的晚期下沉
Disk Evolution Study Through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS): Late infall causing disk misalignment and dynamic structures in SU Aur
摘要：
富含气体的星周盘是行星形成的摇篮。因此，它们的进化将强烈影响由此产生的行星人口。在ESO DESTINYS大型项目中，我们用近红外散射光成像研究了这些盘在其发展的前1000万年内的情况。在这里，我们提出了VLT/SPHERE极化观测附近的II类系统SU Aur中，我们解决了磁盘的尺度~7 AU。除了新的SPHERE观测外，我们还利用了VLT/NACO，HST/STIS和ALMA档案数据。新的SPHERE数据以前所未有的细节显示了SU Aur周围的圆盘和扩展的尘埃结构。我们解决了几个尘埃尾连接到开普勒磁盘。通过与ALMA数据的比较，我们表明，这些尘埃尾巴代表物质落在磁盘上。盘本身显示出复杂的螺旋结构和阴影线，由内部未对准的盘组件投射。我们的观察表明，SU Aur正在经历后期的物质注入，这可以解释所观察到的盘结构。SU Aur是这种机制在工作中最清晰的观测例子，并表明晚期吸积事件仍然可以发生在II类阶段，从而显着影响星周盘的演化。通过额外的观测来限制这类事件的频率，将有助于确定这一过程是否是演化的系外行星系统中自旋-轨道不对准的原因。
英文摘要：
Gas-rich circumstellar disks are the cradles of planet formation. As such, their evolution will strongly influence the resulting planet population. In the ESO DESTINYS large program, we study these disks within the first 10 Myr of their development with near-infrared scattered light imaging. Here we present VLT/SPHERE polarimetric observations of the nearby class II system SU Aur in which we resolve the disk down to scales of ~7 au. In addition to the new SPHERE observations, we utilize VLT/NACO, HST/STIS and ALMA archival data. The new SPHERE data show the disk around SU Aur and extended dust structures in unprecedented detail. We resolve several dust tails connected to the Keplerian disk. By comparison with ALMA data, we show that these dust tails represent material falling onto the disk. The disk itself shows an intricate spiral structure and a shadow lane, cast by an inner, misaligned disk component. Our observations suggest that SU Aur is undergoing late infall of material, which can explain the observed disk structures. SU Aur is the clearest observational example of this mechanism at work and demonstrates that late accretion events can still occur in the class II phase, thereby significantly affecting the evolution of circumstellar disks. Constraining the frequency of such events with additional observations will help determine whether this process is responsible for the spin-orbit misalignment in evolved exoplanet systems.
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