分子马达滑行运动性检测中单分子静电检测的前景
Prospects for single-molecule electrostatic detection in molecular motor gliding motility assays
AI总结：
本研究评估了在分子马达滑行检测中，利用碳纳米管晶体管直接电检测肌动蛋白丝和微管的可行性，发现通过优化器件设计和缓冲条件，检测微管更具前景。
摘要：
基于肌球蛋白/肌动蛋白或驱动蛋白/微管的分子马达滑行运动性检测，对于从芯片实验室设备中的货物运输到新型生物计算策略等纳米技术应用具有重要价值。原型系统通常通过昂贵且笨重的荧光显微镜系统进行监测，而开发集成式、直接电检测单丝的方法将极大地促进应用和规模化。我们通过计算在真实滑行检测条件下，运动中的肌动蛋白丝或微管在碳纳米管晶体管上产生的静电势变化，来评估这种检测器的可行性。我们结合了先前使用碳纳米管晶体管检测结合溶菌酶分子催化和结合短链DNA分子熔化的最先进实验的检测限。我们的结果表明，在良好的器件设计下（例如，将晶体管稍微抬高到引导通道底部之上），使用现有的低离子强度缓冲液，对肌动蛋白和微管都应能实现检测。我们研究了缓冲液离子强度、晶体管高于引导通道底部的高度、微管检测中酪蛋白表面钝化层的存在与否以及肌动蛋白丝/微管的线电荷密度等参数的影响。我们表明，检测微管是更有可能的前景，因为其表面上方行进高度较小、负电荷密度较高且存在酪蛋白钝化，并且可能通过将纳米级晶体管直接放置在引导通道底部来实现。
英文摘要：
Molecular motor gliding motility assays based on myosin/actin or kinesin/microtubules are of interest for nanotechnology applications ranging from cargo-trafficking in lab-on-a-chip devices to novel biocomputation strategies. Prototype systems are typically monitored by expensive and bulky fluorescence microscopy systems and the development of integrated, direct electric detection of single filaments would strongly benefit applications and scale-up. We present estimates for the viability of such a detector by calculating the electrostatic potential change generated at a carbon nanotube transistor by a motile actin filament or microtubule under realistic gliding assay conditions. We combine this with detection limits based on previous state-of-the-art experiments using carbon nanotube transistors to detect catalysis by a bound lysozyme molecule and melting of a bound short-strand DNA molecule. Our results show that detection should be possible for both actin and microtubules using existing low ionic strength buffers given good device design, e.g., by raising the transistor slightly above the guiding channel floor. We perform studies as a function of buffer ionic strength, height of the transistor above the guiding channel floor, presence/absence of the casein surface passivation layer for microtubule assays and the linear charge density of the actin filaments/microtubules. We show that detection of microtubules is a more likely prospect given their smaller height of travel above the surface, higher negative charge density and the casein passivation, and may possibly be achieved with the nanoscale transistor sitting directly on the guiding channel floor.
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