We present the results of high signal-to-noise ratio VLT spectropolarimetry of a representative sample of 25 bright type 1 AGN at z<0.37, of which nine are radio-loud. The sample covers uniformly the 5100 A optical luminosity at $L_{5100}\sim 10^{44}-10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and H$α$ width at FWHM$\sim 1000-10,000$~ km/s. We derive the continuum and the H$α$ polarization amplitude, polarization angle, and angle swing across the line, together with the radio properties. We find the following: 1. The broad line region (BLR) and continuum polarization are both produced by a single scattering medium. 2. The scattering medium is equatorial, and at right angle to the system axis. 3. The scattering medium is located at or just outside the BLR. The continuum polarization and the H$α$ polarization angle swing, can both serve as an inclination indicator. The observed line width is found to be affected by inclination, which can lead to an underestimate of the black hole mass by a factor of $\sim 5$ for a close-to face-on view. The line width measured in the polarized flux overcomes the inclination bias, and provides a close-to equatorial view of the BLR in all AGN, which allows to reduce the inclination bias in the BLR based black hole mass estimates.
Spectropolarimetry of the changing-look active galactic nucleus Mrk 1018
我们获得了新的变貌活动星系核(AGN)Mrk 1018的可见光波段分光偏振观测结果。活动星系核的直接光谱显示出一个非常弱的连续谱,有微弱的宽H $β$和H $α$发射线。这两条线都可以与一个单一的非常广泛的发射线组件的全宽半高半宽$\simeq$ 7200 km s $^{-1}$,没有证据的额外的3000 km s $^{-1}$宽的组件,以前检测到。虽然这与开普勒盘中的谱线形成一致,但谱线轮廓的变化表明宽发射谱线区域可能更复杂。Mrk 1018的连续偏振很低;与过去的明亮状态相比,它在当前的微弱状态下并不高,这证实了尘埃遮蔽不是外观变化的起源机制。H $α$线的偏振轮廓是不对称的,没有偏振角的旋转,这可能揭示了极流出中的线形成。或者,偏振分布可以是直射光和偏振光之间的时间延迟的结果。有趣的是,在超大质量双黑洞周围发射的宽谱线的偏振特征并没有被观察到。
Spectropolarimetry of the changing-look active galactic nucleus NGC 1566 and its potential link to supermassive black hole binaries
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg(斯特拉斯堡大学);Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina(圣卡塔琳娜联邦大学);Institut d’Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège(列日大学天体物理学与地球物理学研究所);Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM(艾克斯-马赛大学);Sternberg Astronomical Institute, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University(莫斯科国立大学斯滕伯格天文研究所);Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa(海法大学自然科学学院物理系)
Optical spectropolarimetry of extreme H$α$ line profiles in seven active galactic nuclei
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg(斯特拉斯堡大学);Institut d’Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège(列日大学天体物理学与地球物理学研究所);Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz(加州大学圣克鲁斯分校天文学与天体物理系)
Submillimeter polarization and variability of quasar PKS 1830-211
活动星系核的偏振被解释为磁场在发射和准直相对论射电喷流中的作用的路标。在这里,我们报告了一个清晰的偏振信号的ALMA观测引力透镜类星体PKS 1830-211在亚毫米波长(波段9,650 GHz)的检测。将差分偏振测量技术应用于类星体的两张紧凑透镜图像,我们估计一张透镜图像的分数偏振约为5%,而另一张图像几乎未偏振,这意味着偏振活动在几周的时间尺度上变化。随着额外的ALMA波段7和8(300-500 GHz之间)的伴随数据,我们约束几个$10^5$ rad m $^{-2}$的法拉第旋转。我们还观察到在波段9中一小时内通量密度变化约为10%。这项工作表明,差分分析可以提取高精度的信息(通量密度比和偏振)的校准问题,从解决来源在亚毫米域。