橄榄球运动中头部撞击运动学测量的时间窗与脑应变及应变率
Time Window of Head Impact Kinematics Measurement for Calculation of Brain Strain and Strain Rate in American Football
摘要：
可穿戴设备已被证明可以有效地测量在美式足球等运动中撞击时的头部运动。当发生头部撞击时，触发设备以在预定义的时间窗口期间收集和保存运动学测量结果。然后，基于收集的运动学，有限元（FE）头部模型可以计算脑应变，这是用来评估轻度创伤性脑损伤的风险。为了找到一个时间窗口，可以提供一个足够的运动学FE分析的持续时间，我们调查了118场视频确认的头部碰撞收集的斯坦福仪器护口器。由于大脑几何形状的个体差异影响这些计算，我们包括六个代表性的大脑几何形状，并发现较大的大脑需要更长的时间窗口的运动学进行准确的计算。在不同大小的大脑中，发现20 ms的预触发时间和70 ms的后触发时间产生的大脑应变和应变率的计算与使用由护齿器记录的原始200 ms时间窗口的计算没有显著差异。
英文摘要：
Wearable devices have been shown to effectively measure the head movement during impacts in sports like American football. When a head impact occurs, the device is triggered to collect and save the kinematic measurements during a predefined time window. Then, based on the collected kinematics, finite element (FE) head models can calculate brain strain, which is used to evaluate the risk of mild traumatic brain injury. To find a time window that can provide a sufficient duration of kinematics for FE analysis, we investigated 118 on-field video-confirmed head impacts collected by the Stanford Instrumented Mouthguard. Because the individual differences in brain geometry influence these calculations, we included six representative brain geometries and found that larger brains need a longer time window of kinematics for accurate calculation. Among the different sizes of brains, a pre-trigger time of 20 ms and a post-trigger time of 70 ms were found to yield calculations of brain strain and strain rate that were not significantly different from calculations using the original 200 ms time window recorded by the mouthguard.
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