中断实时的IoT任务：将关键嵌入式系统连接到Internet会有多糟糕？
Interrupting Real-Time IoT Tasks: How Bad Can It Be to Connect Your Critical Embedded System to the Internet?
摘要：
几十年来，嵌入式系统一直被用来控制物理环境。通常，这样的用例需要命令和操作之间的低延迟，以及预期最坏情况延迟的高可预测性。为了在小型、低功耗的微控制器上实现这一点，实时的【形】操作系统（RTOS）被用来尽可能确定地管理这些机器上的不同任务。然而，随着物联网（IoT）在工业应用中的出现，同样的嵌入式系统现在也配备了联网功能，这可能会通过对中断的开放而危及关键的实时的【形】系统。本文介绍了我们的初步研究的影响网络连接可以对实时的【形】嵌入式系统。具体来说，我们看三个方面：网络产生的中断的影响，相关的网络任务的开销，以及网络和实时的【形】任务之间共享计算资源的可行性。我们在两个设置上进行了实验：一个是将网络和驱动程序视为黑盒，另一个是在机器上模拟网络中断。初步结果表明，每秒接收的数据包的关键任务性能损失高达6.67%，可以诱导每包每秒1%的延迟影响可以完全归因于ISR产生的延迟。
英文摘要：
Embedded systems have been used to control physical environments for decades. Usually, such use cases require low latencies between commands and actions as well as a high predictability of the expected worst-case delay. To achieve this on small, low-powered microcontrollers, Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOSs) are used to manage the different tasks on these machines as deterministically as possible. However, with the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) in industrial applications, the same embedded systems are now equipped with networking capabilities, possibly endangering critical real-time systems through an open gate to interrupts. This paper presents our initial study of the impact network connections can have on real-time embedded systems. Specifically, we look at three aspects: The impact of network-generated interrupts, the overhead of the related networking tasks, and the feasibility of sharing computing resources between networking and real-time tasks. We conducted experiments on two setups: One treating NICs and drivers as black boxes and one simulating network interrupts on the machines. The preliminary results show that a critical task performance loss of up to 6.67% per received packet per second could be induced where lateness impacts of 1% per packet per second can be attributed exclusively to ISR-generated delays.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
