开源软件开发决策的基本原理提取--Python电子邮件归档研究
Extracting Rationale for Open Source Software Development Decisions -- A Study of Python Email Archives
摘要：
健全的决策（DM）过程是软件项目成功治理的关键。在许多开源软件开发（OSSD）社区中，DM过程隐藏在大量公开可用的数据中。隐藏在这些数据中的是导致软件产品进化和维护的决策的基本原理。虽然有一些努力，提取DM过程中公开可用的数据，决策背后的理由是如何作出的很少被探讨。提取这些决定的理由可以促进透明度（通过使其公开），并促进决策者的问责制。这项工作通过一项大规模的研究弥合了这一差距，该研究从Python开发电子邮件档案（包括约150万封电子邮件）中挖掘了决策背后的基本原理。本文有两个主要贡献。首先，它通过发掘和提出所作决定背后的基本原理来提供知识。其次，它通过提出一个基于逻辑的基本原理提取系统（称为Rationale Miner）来做出方法论贡献，该系统采用多个逻辑，并遵循数据驱动的自下而上的方法来推断特定决策背后的基本原理（例如，新模块是基于核心开发者的共识还是基于仁慈的独裁者的声明来实现的）。我们的方法可以适用于提取其他OSSD社区，具有类似的治理结构的理由。
英文摘要：
A sound Decision-Making (DM) process is key to the successful governance of software projects. In many Open Source Software Development (OSSD) communities, DM processes lie buried amongst vast amounts of publicly available data. Hidden within this data lie the rationale for decisions that led to the evolution and maintenance of software products. While there have been some efforts to extract DM processes from publicly available data, the rationale behind how the decisions are made have seldom been explored. Extracting the rationale for these decisions can facilitate transparency (by making them known), and also promote accountability on the part of decision-makers. This work bridges this gap by means of a large-scale study that unearths the rationale behind decisions from Python development email archives comprising about 1.5 million emails. This paper makes two main contributions. First, it makes a knowledge contribution by unearthing and presenting the rationale behind decisions made. Second, it makes a methodological contribution by presenting a heuristics-based rationale extraction system called Rationale Miner that employs multiple heuristics, and follows a data-driven, bottom-up approach to infer the rationale behind specific decisions (e.g., whether a new module is implemented based on core developer consensus or benevolent dictator's pronouncement). Our approach can be applied to extract rationale in other OSSD communities that have similar governance structures.
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